| This is not a talk but questions have been put and we have chosen out of many many some. | 克里希那穆提(以下简称“克”):这并不是一次「演讲」, 因为你们提出了各种问题, 而我们将从无数问题中 选出一些来回答。 |
| One thinks it is right to put questions, but to whom are you putting questions? To oneself, or to somebody that you hope will answer correctly, precisely, perhaps logically and sanely? Is the question more important than the answer? Does the answer lie in the question? Please, we are talking it over together. The question and the answer – are they similar? Or is the answer more important than the question? So we are going together to find out. In understanding the question, in delving deep into it, we might come upon the answer. The answer is not outside the question. When we go into that perhaps you will see it, we’ll see it together, the full significance of that. If one puts a question, you expect someone else to answer it. In that is involved the whole problem of somebody who knows, and he will answer according to his knowledge, according to his information, his data, and so on. Is there somebody who will answer all our human questions, or we have to rely entirely upon ourselves, and not depend on anybody. | 某人(指克氏自己)认为: 提出问题是对的, 但你是在向谁提出问题呢? 是向自己提出问题,还是向某个 你希望他能给出答案的人提出问题 ——认为这个人可以给出正确的、精准的、 或许也是合乎逻辑且理智的答案? 「问题」本身是不是要比「答案」 更加重要呢? 答案是否就藏在问题之中? 请注意,我们正在一起 讨论它。 问题和答案 ——它们是不是相似的? 还是说:「答案」要比「问题」 更加重要? 所以我们将会一起来把它搞清楚。 在了解一个问题、 深入探究它的过程中, 我们或许就会邂逅那个答案了。 因为答案并不在 问题之外。 在我们深入问题的时候, 你或许就会发现这一点了, 我们将会一起来发现它, 去发现问题的全部意义。 如果你提出了一个问题, 然后期望别人来回答它的话。 那么在这个过程中就会涉及到一个大问题: 那就是某个知道答案的人, 他会根据 他的知识、 根据他所掌握的信息、资料等等 来回答问题。 然而又有哪一个人能够回答 我们人类所有的问题呢? 还是说,我们必须要完全依靠自己来回答它 ——而不是依赖于其他任何人。 |
| Please, we are talking the thing over together. We are not the final oracle, from Delphi. You know that? And in investigating the question, seeing what the question implies, perhaps in that very implication we’ll be able to understand the answer. So the answer does not lie outside the question. | 请注意,我们是在一起 讨论这件事。 我们可不是在说什么“德尔斐的终极神谕” ——你们知道这个东西吧? 我们要在探究问题的过程中, 去看清这个问题所暗示的东西, 而或许在那种暗示中, 我们就可以知晓那个答案了。 所以「答案」并不存在于 「问题」之外。 |
| And it’s important also to put the right question. Then one asks, what is the right question? A question can be quite superficial: what kind of food should I eat? There are lots of questions like that. Should I take exercise? Do you advocate yoga? Those are rather, one considers, rather superficial, though they have certain necessities. But to delve deeply into a question, and to find out why one puts the question. As we have been saying in all these talks, during all these years, doubt, scepticism are necessary: to doubt one’s own thinking, questioning one’s own attitudes and conclusions and perceptions, to be sceptical what another says, whether he is very learned, a specialist, and so on. Questioning, doubting, being somewhat sceptical helps the brain to clear itself. I hope we are following this together. Because our brains are rather clouded and conditioned. And one can put a question from that background and wait for somebody to explain, go into it, as the analyst and the analyser, and find out the answer from another. And as there are no leaders, no gurus, no specialists in the human problems, one has to understand all this oneself. I hope we are clear on this matter. If we are clear, then we can go on with the questions, can we? | 此外,提出「正确的问题」 也是很重要的。 于是某人就要问了: 什么才是「正确的问题」呢? 一个问题,它可以是相当肤浅表面的: 比如 我应该吃什么样的食物? 我们有很多这样的问题。 我应该去锻炼身体吗? 你是否提倡练习瑜伽呢? 某人觉得这些问题都是相当…… 相当肤浅表面的 ——尽管询问这类问题也具有一些必要性。 然而我们需要去深入钻研一个问题, 去发现 为什么我们会提出这个问题。 而在这些年的所有那些演讲中, 我们一直在说的就是: 保持质疑和怀疑态度是很有必要的: 去质疑自己的想法, 去质疑自己的态度、 结论和认知, 也要去怀疑别人所说的东西, 哪怕那个人非常有学问、 或者是一个专家,等等。 去发问、去质疑, 多少有点怀疑态度 ——这能够帮助大脑清理它自己。 我希望我们都理解了这一点。 因为我们的大脑 是被层层遮蔽且局限的。 我们可以经由这样的(大脑)背景 去提出一个问题, 然后等待某人来解释它、 深入探讨它 ——那个人会充当一个分析者和分析师, 由此从别人那里获得一个答案。 然而由于在人类的问题上 并不存在什么领袖、古鲁和专家, 所以我们必须自己 去了解所有这一切。 我希望我们已经清楚了这一点。 如果我们已经清楚了, 那我们就可以继续下去,来回答问题了。可以吗? |
| I haven’t read these questions. | 我事先并没有读过这些问题。 |
| 1st QUESTION: What is an artist – no, sorry – what is the role of the artist in life and what is the significance of music, poetry, and all art in our relationship to each other and the world? | 第一个问题:艺术家是什么 ——看错了,不好意思—— 艺术家在生活中的作用是什么, 在我们彼此间的关系中、 以及我们和这个世界的关系中, 音乐、诗歌 以及所有各种艺术的意义是什么? |
| What is the role of the artist in life and what is the significance of music, poetry, and all art in our relationship to each other and the world? | 艺术家在生活中的作用是什么, 在我们彼此间的关系中、 以及我们和这个世界的关系中, 音乐、诗歌 以及所有各种艺术的意义是什么? |
| Are you interested in this question? | 你们对这个问题感兴趣吗? |
| First of all, we must be clear what we mean by art. The word ‘art’, from Greek and so on, Latin, is to join, to adjust, to put things together. That’s the root meaning of that word. It also, in Sanskrit means measure, manner, use. The root meaning, we are talking of the etymological meaning. And the questioner asks: what is the role of art in our lives? Having seen what the root meaning of that word is, the root meaning, what is beauty? | 首先,我们必须清楚: 我们所说的「艺术」是什么意思。 「艺术」这个词, 它源自于希腊语、拉丁语等等, 它的意思是:去连接、去调整、 去把各种事物聚合在一起。 这是这个词的词根含义。 此外,它在梵文中的意思是: 度量、方式、使用。 这里说的是词根意思, 我们正在谈论的是它词源学上的含义。 而这位提问者问: 艺术在我们生活中的作用是什么? 我们已经知晓了这个词的词根含义, 它的词根意思, 那么,什么是「美」呢? |
| Beauty is not something put together. So, we are going to enquire together into the meaning of that word, the significance of that word, the content of that word. I’m not a professor. I’m sorry to sit on a platform, which I don’t like, but one has to do it for the convenience of others; otherwise you wouldn’t see me if I sat on the ground. I would like to sit on the ground, but I have to sit here. | 「美」并不是某种拼凑组合起来的事物。 所以,我们将要一起来探询 这个词的含义、 这个词的意义 和这个词的内容。 我并不是什么教授。 我很抱歉自己坐在这个讲台上 ——我也不喜欢这样, 但为了方便大家, 某人(指克氏自己)不得不这么做; 否则,如果我是坐在地上, 那你们就看不到我了。 虽然我也想要坐在地上, 但我还是必须得坐在这儿。 |
| It’s a very complex question, this. If we can go very deeply into it, it has great significance. Art implies, doesn’t it, a flowing melodious manner of space, weight, grouping together, and depth. Are there some artists here? I said – the speaker said – a flowing melodious manner of space, depth and grouping together of words, sentences, or a painting on a canvas. Is that right? A flowing melodious manner of space, of depth, of grouping certain things together: trees, people, words; all that is a form of art. Do you agree to this at all? That is, if there is no space, if you see something, say a painting – I hope somebody will correct me if I am wrong – if you see a picture, a painting by the masters, classical masters or recent ones – the really great painters – there is space, a sense of space. The figures are grouped together in a certain way; there is a certain depth to it, in colour, in the sense of movement, and it must be melodious. And when you see some of these paintings of landscape, they may paint a little cottage in a field, with a few trees, but there is space and there is depth of colour, proportion, a sense of harmony. Right? And that would be great painting. | 这个问题是一个非常复杂的问题。 如果我们可以非常深入地探究它的话, 那它就会具有巨大的意义。 「艺术」意味着一种流畅且旋律优美的空间感, 难道不是吗? 它蕴含了重量感、聚合感和纵深感。 这里有没有艺术家? 我在说的是——演讲者在说的是……—— 它是一种流畅且旋律优美的空间感, 它蕴含着纵深感、聚合感 ——将词语和句子组合在一起, 或者在画布上画一幅画。 对吧? 它是一种流畅且旋律优美的 空间感、纵深感、 将某些事物聚合在一起: 树木、人群、文字词语; 所有这些都是一种艺术形式。 你们是否完全同意这一点? 换句话说:如果没有了「空间」, 如果你看到了某样东西,比如说一幅画 ——如果我说错了, 希望你们中有人可以纠正我—— 如果你看到了一幅画 ——一幅大师的绘画作品, 不管是古典绘画大师、还是近代的绘画大师, 只要他是真正伟大的画家就行—— (你会发现)那幅画中蕴含着「空间」,它会有一种空间感。 画中的人物会以特定的方式 被组合聚集在一起; 这幅画会有某种纵深感, 不管是色彩的纵深感,还是画面鲜活流动的纵深感, 而它必然是旋律优美的。 当你看到其中一些 描绘风景的画作时, 那些大师或许只是画了一间田野上的小屋, 再加上了几棵树, 然而这幅画却会蕴含着一种空间感、 以及色彩与比例的纵深感, 它会有一种很和谐的感觉。 对吧? 而这样的画就是一幅杰出的画作。 |
| And one has visited – as perhaps you have as a tourist, most of the major museums of the world, and one sees all these great masters, from Holland, Italy, England, America. So we are asking: what is beauty? Is beauty according to a principle? According to certain rules? You follow? Or, beauty is something entirely different, though there must be proportion and all the rest of it. | 某人(指克氏自己) 曾经参观过 这个世界上绝大多数主要的博物馆 ——或许你们也曾作为游客参观过它们, 我欣赏了所有那些伟大的绘画大师的作品 ——那些来自于荷兰、意大利、英格兰和美国等等的绘画大师。 所以我们正在问:什么是「美」? 「美」是依照某个法则而来的吗? 是依照某些规则而来的吗? 你们跟上了吗? 还是说,「美」是某种 完全不同的事物…… ——尽管它必须要有 某种比例 等等这些东西。 |
| When we look at a mountain there, when you see those mountains, those hills: range after range, blue in the evening, and early morning when the sun touches it before everything else. When you see that, the reaction is either great silence – you keep quiet; there is space, enormous space, between you and that and beyond. And when you see such marvellous beautiful mountains, snow-clad against the blue sky, for an instant you become silent. The very beauty, the very grandeur, the majesty of the mountain keeps you, makes you absolutely quiet. You can say, the shock of beauty. I hope you are looking at those mountains, not at me. The speaker is not important at all. But what he says may be important and may not be important, but you have to discover for yourself. So when you see something extraordinarily grand, of great height and depth then the very shock of that beauty drives away for the moment all your problems. There is no self wondering, worrying, talking to itself, there is no entity, the self, the me, looking. At that moment when the self is not, there is great beauty. | 当我们眺望那座高山, 当你看到了那些高山、那些山峦时: 它们层峦叠嶂, 在傍晚时分显得幽蓝, 而在清晨时分,太阳总是先照亮它, 然后再照亮万物。 当你看到这种景象, 你的反应 要么是巨大的宁静 ——你会保持安静; 那时,在你和那座高山以及更远处的山峦之间 就会存在「空间」、巨大的「空间」。 你看到了 如此奇妙美丽的山峦, 它白雪皑皑,映衬在蓝天之下, 在那一瞬间,你变得「寂静」。 那座高山的美、那座高山的壮丽、 那座高山的雄伟, 它让你完全安静下来了,它会让你保持安静。 你会说:那种美真是令人震撼。 我希望你们都在看着那些高山, 而不是看我。 演讲者根本不重要。 然而他所说的东西 可能是很重要的,当然也可能不重要, 但你必须要自己去发现它。 所以当你看到了某种 无比宏伟的事物 ——它无比崇高而又深邃, 那时这种美的震撼 便会暂时驱散 你所有的问题。 那时并没有一个在疑惑、担忧 和自言自语的「我」, 没有一个在观看的个体、 自我和“我自己”。 在那一刻,当「自我」不在时, 巨大的「美」便会出现了。 |
| And the questioner asks, what is the role of art in our lives? I don’t know. But we’re going to find out together. | 而这位提问者问: 艺术在我们的生活中有什么作用? 我也不知道。 但我们将会一起来把它搞清楚。 |
| Why should anything play a role? Please, this is an important question. Why should anything play a role in our lives? The greatest art is the art of living – the greatest, not the paintings, the sculpture, the poems, and the marvellous literature. That has its certain place, but to find out for oneself the art of living, that’s the greatest art – it surpasses any role in life. | 为什么一样东西要有某种作用呢? 请注意,这是一个很重要的问题。 为什么一样东西需要在我们的生活中 起到某种作用? 最伟大的艺术是「生活的艺术」 ——它才是最伟大的艺术, 而不是绘画、雕塑、 诗歌 和那些卓越的文学作品。 这些东西有其自身的位置, 然而你需要自己去发现 那种「生活的艺术」, 它才是最伟大的艺术 ——它超越了生活中的任何“作用”。 |
| So, some of the great painters in their lives are neurotic: very, very disturbed lives, like Beethoven, and others, very disturbed. And that disturbance perhaps may help them to write great music. Or, if one led an aesthetic life – are we following each other? – aesthetic life, and that life is based on – life is based on relationship; there is no life without relationship. And aesthetic is the capacity of perception – right? Are we meeting each other or am I just talking to myself? Capacity to perceive, which means one must be extraordinarily sensitive. And sensitivity is not shouting, yelling. But sensitivity comes from the depth of silence. Shall I go on? It’s no good going to colleges and universities to learn how to be sensitive. Or go to somebody to teach you how to be sensitive. As we said, aestheticism is the capacity to perceive, and you cannot perceive if there is not a certain depth of silence. If you look at these trees in silence – there is a communication which is not merely verbal, but a communication, a communion with nature. And most of us have lost our relationship with nature: with the trees, with the mountains, with all the living things of the earth. | 所以,有一些伟大的画家, 但他们的生活却是神经质的: 他们过着非常非常纷乱不安的生活,比如贝多芬等等, 无比焦躁紊乱的生活。 但这种焦躁紊乱或许可以帮助他们 谱写出伟大的乐曲。 或者,一个人可以去过一种「美的生活」 ——我们是否跟上对方的话了? —— 美的生活, 而这种生活是建立在 ——生活是建立在「关系」之上的; 没有了关系,也就没有了生活。 而「美」是那种「洞察感知」的能力 ——是吧? 我们是否理解对方的意思了, 还是说我只是在自言自语? 那种去感知洞察的能力 ——这意味着我们必须极其「敏感」。 「敏感」并不是 去大喊大叫。 「敏感」源自于那种 深层次的寂静。 我可以继续讲下去吗? 指望去 专科学院和大学 学习如何变得敏感、 或者去找某个人来教你如何变得敏感 ——这是行不通的。 就如我们所说的: 「美」是那种能够去感知洞察的能力, 而如果没有一定深度的寂静, 你是无法去感知洞察的。 如果你在「寂静」中观察这些树木 ——就会产生一种「交流」, 这种交流并不仅仅是口头文字上的, 它是一种与大自然的 沟通交流。 而我们大多数人已经失去了 我们和大自然的关系、 和树木的关系、和高山的关系、 和地球上 所有生灵万物的关系。 |
| And sensitivity in our relationship, to be aware of each other, is that at all possible? That’s the art of living, to find out a relationship that is not conflict, that’s a flow of a melodious manner of living together. You understand this? Without all the rows, quarrels, possessiveness and being possessed, fear of loneliness – you follow? – the whole cycle of human struggle. | 在我们的关系中保持「敏感」, 去觉察感知对方 ——这究竟是否可能呢? 这就是「生活的艺术」 ——也就是去找到那种并非「冲突」的关系, 那是一种共同生活的 悠扬韵律。 你们理解它了吗? 没有所有那些分歧、争吵、 占有和被占有, 对孤独的恐惧——你们跟上了吗? ——人类斗争的整个循环过程。 |
| The art of living is far more important than the art of great painters. It may be that we are escaping through music from ourselves through going into all the museums of the world and talking about them endlessly, reading about books on art. All that may be an escape from our own troubles, anxieties, depressions. So can we live an aesthetic life of deep perception? Be aware of our words, be aware of the noise of this country, the vulgarity of human beings. Because one learns far more in silence than in noise. This all may sound platitudes, but they are not. This requires a great deal of observation of oneself. That observation is prevented by any form of authority, looking to another to teach us how to observe; just to observe, watch, the way you walk, the way you talk, the noise, you know, all that goes on. Then out of that comes the art of living. | 「生活的艺术」 远远要比…… 那些伟大画家的艺术作品更为重要。 我们或许会通过音乐 来逃避我们自己, 通过参观世界各地的 博物馆、 然后滔滔不绝地谈论它们来逃避自己, 通过阅读关于艺术的书籍来逃避自己, 所有这些都可能成为 逃避我们自身苦恼、焦虑和抑郁的途径。 所以,我们是否可能去过一种 有着深刻洞察的「美的生活」? 去觉察我们自己的言语、 觉察这个国家的「嘈杂」、 觉察人类的粗俗。 因为人在「寂静」中学到的东西 远比他在「嘈杂」中学到的多。 所有这些也许听起来像是陈词滥调, 但它们并不是。 它需要我们有对于自身的 大量的观察。 然而 任何形式的权威, 或者指望别人来教我们如何观察 ——这些都会阻碍我们的观察; 你只需要去观察、去看你走路的方式、 你说话的方式、那些噪音, 你懂的,所有这些一直在发生进行着。 然后,从这之中就会产生出 「生活的艺术」。 |
| Art, as we said, is putting things together harmoniously, to observe the contradictions in oneself, one’s desires that are always so strong, to observe all that, not create an opposite of it, just to observe the fact and live with the fact. It seems that’s the way to bring about a life of melodious harmony. Have we answered the question? Sir, don’t bother to clap. I don’t know why you do, maybe you like to feel that we have said the right things and you appreciate it, but what the speaker has said is what you are thinking, I hope, therefore, don’t clap for the speaker. | 就如我们说过的: 「艺术」就是将各种事物和谐地聚合在一起, 去观察我们内心的 各种矛盾, 我们的各种欲望 ——这些欲望永远是那么的强烈, 去观察所有这一切, 不要去创造出它的反面, 而只是去观察事实, 和那个事实共处。 这可能才是 带来悠扬和谐生活的方式。 我们算是回答完了这个问题吧? 先生,请不要鼓掌。 我不知道为什么你们要鼓掌, 或许你是觉得 我们说的东西很正确, 所以你为此很感谢, 然而演讲者所说的东西应该成为你自己的思维 ——我希望是如此, 所以,请不要再为演讲者鼓掌了。 |
| 2nd QUESTION: Is not the observation of thought a continuing use of thought and therefore a contradiction? | 第二个问题:「观察思想」 不正是一种…… 持续不断的思维(思想)活动吗? 所以它是一种专注? |
| Is not the observation of thought a continuing use of thought and therefore a contradiction? | 「观察思想」不正是一种 持续不断的思维(思想)活动吗?所以这是一种矛盾? 不好意思看错了,不是「专注」,应该是「矛盾」。 |
| Let’s examine the question first. Is not the observation of thought a continuing use of thought and therefore a contradiction? When you observe that tree, are you looking at it with all the memories of trees that you have seen, with the shade under the tree under which perhaps you have sat, and the pleasure of a morning, sitting quietly under a tree looking at all the beauty of the leaves, the branches, the trunk, and the sound of the trunk. When you observe all that, are you observing through words, are you observing through remembrances? Or the memories of those pleasant evenings when you have sat under a tree or looked at a tree, then you are looking through the structure of words. Therefore one is not actually observing. Is that right? So, are we aware that we look at everything through a network of words? Words being the past meaning, the usage of certain words with their content, with their remembrances and so on. That is, are you looking at a tree or a single star in the heaven, as it was last night with the new moon and Venus together – are you looking at it with words, or you are looking at the whole phenomena of yesterday evening without a single word. | 让我们先来检视一下这个问题。 「观察思想」不正是一种 持续不断的思维(思想)活动吗? 所以这是一种矛盾? 当你观察那棵树时, 你是带着所有关于你看到过的树的「回忆」 在看它吗? 你或许曾经坐在 那棵树的树荫下面, 在一个令人愉快的早晨, 安静地坐在一棵树下, 欣赏着 树叶、树枝、 和树干所有的美,还有树干发出的声音。 当你观察所有这些东西时, 你是通过「词语文字」在观察吗? 你是通过「记忆」 在观察它吗? 或者说,你就是通过回忆 在观察它 ——在那些愉快的夜晚,你坐在一棵树下, 或者你在欣赏那棵树, 这样的话,你便是在通过语言文字的架构 在看这棵树了。 所以你并没有在 真正地观察。 对吧? 因此,我们是否觉察到了自己是通过词语文字的网络 在观察每一样事物? 「词语文字」就是过去已确定的词义, 那些词的用法 和它们所包含的内容、 以及它们所触发的记忆 等等。 换句话说,当你看着一棵树、 或者天空中的一颗孤星时 ——就像昨晚 挂着新月和金星的天空, 你是带着词语文字在观察它, 还是说,当你看着 昨天夜晚的整个景象时, 你是没有任何语言文字的。 |
| So is observation a perception, a process of thought? Which is a verbal communication to each other, the usage of words which contain the past memories and incidents and so on, or there is pure observation without time – time being thought, time being memory. So please find out. Let’s find out what we actually do. Can we look at a person with whom we have lived for a number of days or years without all the past remembrances and incidents, and the pleasures and the comforts that one has derived from that person, or the antagonism – you follow, the whole process of it? Can you observe as though you are meeting the person for the first time? You may remember his face or her face; of course, that is necessary, otherwise it’s rather troublesome. But to look at a person, to be so sensitive to a person, and that sensitivity is not possible when there is always the past memory projecting itself all the time. Right? | 所以,观察是一种「认知」吗? 是一个思想的过程吗? 也就是一种彼此之间 口头文字上的交流, 词语文字的用法 就包含了过去的记忆、事件等等, 或者说,还存在着一种 不掺杂「时间」的纯粹的观察 ——时间就是思想、 时间就是记忆。 所以请你去搞清楚。 让我们去搞清楚我们实际上在做的事。 当我们看一个人的时候…… ——一个我们与之生活了 数日或数年的人—— 我们能够不带着所有那些 过去的记忆与事件、 忘掉我们从那个人身上所获得的 快乐和安慰, 或者敌对情绪吗? ——你们跟上了吗,这整个的过程? 你能够像第一次遇见那个人一样地 去观察他吗? 你可能会记得他/她的脸, 当然了,这是必需的, 否则的话,事情就会变得相当麻烦。 然而你要去观察那个人, 对那个人保持高度的敏感, 而当过去的记忆总是一直不停地投射出它自己时, 这种「敏感」 便不可能出现了。对吧? |
| So from that one asks a question: can thought be aware of itself? This is a rather complex question; I hope – one hopes you don’t mind looking at the complexity of it. Can thought, the whole process of thinking, can that thinking be aware of itself, or there is a thinker who is aware of his thoughts? You understand the question? Is this becoming difficult for you? You are interested in all this? | 所以,由此我们就要问一个问题了: 思想能够觉察它自身吗? 这是一个相当复杂的问题; 我希望……——某人(指克氏自己)希望你们不介意来审视一下 它的错综复杂。 思想…… ——即整个思考的过程, 这种「思考」可以觉察到它自己吗, 还是说,存在着一个 在觉察他自己思想念头的思想者? 你们理解这个问题吗? 这对你们来说是不是变得有点困难了? 你们对这一切感兴趣吗? |
| Q: May I interrupt a moment, sir? I wonder if the group might find it a little more interesting if you could address yourself to some of the striking statements that are in your tapes and books that I have read. I will give you an example of the sort of thing that could be answered, I think relatively briefly, and might be very stimulating. | 提问者:先生,我可以打断一下吗? 我想如果你可以说点别的东西, 我们这群人也许会更有兴趣一些, 你可以说一些 吸引眼球的东西 ——我曾经在你的录像带和著作中 读到过它们。 我可以给你举一个 此类的例子, 我认为你可以 相对简要地来回答一下它, 这也许会令我们感到非常兴奋刺激。 |
| In one tape you refer to marriage as ‘that terrible institution’. My question would be, could you elaborate? Do you think a young man and a young woman, for example, should live together without marriage, or should not live together, that kind of thing? | 在一盘录像带中, 你曾指出「婚姻」是一种“可怕的制度”。 我的问题就是: 你能否把它展开来讲一下? 举个例子,你觉得一个年轻男人 和一个年轻女人 是否可以不结婚而同居? 或者不应该“非法同居” 等等诸如此类的? 我还可以举一些别的例子。 |
| And I have other things. | 克:好吧,先生。让我们来说点有趣的吧。 |
| K: All right, sir. Let’s have some fun. Let’s answer that question; we’ll come back to this. One may live with another person, sexually or in relationship with another and take the responsibility – entire responsibility, both of us – and continue with that responsibility, not change when it doesn’t suit you, when that other person doesn’t satisfy you in various different ways. Right? Or, you go through marriage, which is, get a license, go to church and the priest blesses the couple, you know, and there you are tied, legally. And that tie, legally, gives you more the feeling of being more responsible. Right? That you are held by law. Are you waiting for me to answer this? You are held there by law, and with it goes a responsibility that one thinks is enduring, lasting. What’s the difference between the two? You’re legally controlled; it takes time to get a divorce; you have children and the children may hold you together for a while, till they grow up; and then when they grow up, you say goodbye to each other perhaps, or get a divorce and all the rest of it. If the other, which is not legalised marriage, and if there is a responsibility as much as in the other, and perhaps more, then what’s the difference between the two? Either it is responsibility based on law, either the responsibility of convenience, necessity, comfort, and sexual and all the other demands – where is the question of love in all this? Right? | 让我们先来回答他的问题, 然后再回到原来的问题吧。 你或许会和另一个人生活在一起, 和他/她做爱, 或者和他/她建立关系, 然后承担责任 ——我们双方都为此承担全部的责任, 然后维持这种责任 ——即使当这种关系不再适合于你时也不改变, 即使当另一个人 在各个方面让你不满意时也不改变。 对吧? 或者你会走进婚姻的殿堂 ——也就是去领一张结婚证, 去教堂里举行婚礼,然后牧师会祝福这对新婚夫妇 ——你知道这类事情, 你们就在那里被“捆绑”在一起了——成了合法夫妻。 而这种基于法律的“捆绑” 会给予你们更多的责任感。 对吧? 因为你会受到法律的约束。 你们在等待着我来回答这个问题吗? 你在这方面受到了法律的约束, 而随之而来的就是责任 ——我们认为这种责任将是持续的、持久的。 那么这两者之间有何区别呢? 你们受到了法律的控制, 想要离婚的话需要花费时间; 你们也有了孩子,而孩子或许会迫使你们 再共同生活一段时间, 直到孩子们长大成人为止; 然后当孩子长大以后, 你们或许就会彼此说拜拜了, 或者你们会离婚, 等等这些。 而如果是另一种情况 ——也就是“非法同居”, 如果它有着 和前者一样的责任感, 或者也许责任感更多的话, 那么这两者 又有什么区别呢? 它要么是基于 法律的责任, 要么是基于 便利、需要、慰藉、 和性欲等等这类需求的责任 ——在所有这一切中, 「爱」的问题又应该摆在什么位置呢? 是吧? 我们每个人——每一个人—— 不管是妻子还是丈夫, |
| Each one of us – each one – wife and the husband or girl and the boy or whatever it is, are they ever together, except sexually? Whether they are legally married or not legally married, together. They may hold hands in public as they embrace each other in public, as they do in this country – right? In Asia, that’s rather considered immoral, immodest, and they do it quietly by themselves in their house. So what’s the difference between the two? And where is love in all this? Please answer this question for yourself. | 还是男女朋友,或者无论什么人, 除了在性爱这件事上, 他们可曾真正地「在一起」过呢? 不管他们是合法婚姻,还是非法同居, 他们可曾「在一起」过? 他们或许会在公共场合手牵着手, 会在公共场合彼此拥抱对方 ——就像这个国家(美国)的人所做的那样,对吧? 而在亚洲地区,这些举动多半会被视为是 有伤风化和不检点的, 人们只会在自己的家里 悄悄地做这种事情。 那么,这两者 又有什么区别呢? 在所有这一切中,「爱」又在哪里呢? 请你自己来回答一下 这个问题。 |
| Is love the pursuit of desire? Is love pleasure? Sexual and other forms of pleasure? Is love mere companionship, depending on each other? Is love attachment? Go on, sir, enquire all this. And if one negates intelligently – because you see the reason of it, that attachment is not love, nor detachment, remembrance of each other’s past incidents and pressures and insults and all that, living together day after day, month or year after year, the stored-up memories, the pictures, the imagination – all that’s not love, surely. When you negate all this, which is, through negation you come to the positive. But if you start with the positive, you end up with negation. That’s what you are all doing. Right? Am I saying things which are true or incorrect? | 「爱」是对欲望的追逐吗? 「爱」是快感吗 ——性快感和其他形式的快感? 「爱」仅仅是找个伴侣, 然后彼此依赖对方吗? 「爱」是执著依赖吗? 继续,先生,去探询这一切。 而如果我们明智地否定了这些 ——因为你看到了其中的缘由, 即「执著依恋」并不是「爱」, 而「放弃离开」也不是「爱」, 那些双方过去往事 的回忆、 那些压力、 侮辱等等, 日复一日、月复一月 或者年复一年地生活在一起, 那些积累储存起来的 记忆、画面、想象 ——所有这些毫无疑问都不是「爱」。 而当你否定了所有这些, 也就是说:通过「否定」, 你就会达到肯定/确定的事物。 但如果你是从肯定/确定开始的话, 那你就会以「否定」结束了。 这就是你们所有人正在做的事。对吧? 我在说的东西是真实正确的、 还是不正确的东西? |
| So, that gentleman asked a question: why doesn’t the speaker talk about all that? Sir, what is important in life? What is the root or the basic essential in life? As one observes more and more, in television, and literature, magazines, and all the things that are going on, it is becoming more and more superficial – quick answers. If you are in trouble, go to a specialist; they’ll tell you what to do. It’s all becoming so superficial and vulgar – if one may use that word without any sense of derogatory or insulting. It’s all becoming so superficial and rather childish. | 所以,那位先生问了一个问题: 为什么演讲者不谈论一下 所有这些东西? 先生,什么才是生活中重要的东西? 生活中最根本的、 或者说最基本的东西是什么? 当我们观察得越多…… 去看看那些电视、文学作品、杂志, 以及所有正在发生的事情, 它们都在变得越来越肤浅 ——给出快捷的答案。 如果你遇到了困难, 那就去找个专家; 他们将会告诉你该怎么做。 这一切全都变得 如此的肤浅和“庸俗” ——如果允许我使用“庸俗”这个词 而不带有任何贬义或侮辱的意思的话。 它们正在变得如此的肤浅、 极度的幼稚。 |
| And one never asks what is the fundamental question or fundamental necessity or the depth of life. Surely not beliefs, not dogmas, not faith, not all the intellectual rigmarole, whether in the Communist theology or the Catholic theology, Marxist theology or Lenin or St. Thomas Aquinas: they’re all the same – theories, conclusions and ideologies, based on belief, faith, dogma, rituals. So all that is becoming more and more in one’s life, outwardly, very, very superficial. Just out there. And we live like that. This is a fact, I am not saying anything which is not so. | 而我们从来没有去询问一下: 生活中最根本的问题是什么? 生活中最基本的需求是什么? 或者生活有什么深刻的意义? 当然了,它肯定不是 那些信仰、教条和信念, 也不会是所有那些思想智性上的冗长废话 ——不管是共产主义的理论体系、 天主教的宗教体系、 马克思主义或者列宁的理论体系, 还是圣托马斯·阿奎那(天主教教义的主要理论家之一)的理论体系: 它们全都是一样的 ——都只是一些基于信仰、信念、教条和仪式的 理论、结论 和意识形态。 因此在我们的生活中, 所有这些东西正在变得…… 越来越浮于表面、非常非常的肤浅。 仅仅止步于外在表象。而我们就这样生活着。 这是一个事实,我并没有在说任何 脱离于事实的东西。 |
| And it’s a marvellous world of entertainment, both religious and football, anything to escape: yell, shout, never quiet conversation, never look at anything quietly, beautifully. So what is the fundamental, basic demand or basic thing that is really of utmost importance in one’s life? | 此外,这也是一个 光怪陆离的娱乐世界 ——宗教的娱乐、球类运动, 任何可以用来逃避的娱乐: 大喊大叫、大声喧哗,从来不去安静地交谈, 从来不去安静地、美好地 观察任何事物。 所以,在我们的生活中, 什么才是最根本、最基本的需求, 或者说什么才是 真正至关重要的基本事物呢? |
| Q: Do you want us to answer? | 提问者:你想要我们来回答它吗? 克:先生,如果你愿意的话, 你可以来回答它。 提问者:答案就是「慈悲」。 是慈悲之心。 |
| K: You can answer, sir, if you want to. | 克:我知道、我明白,我已经听到它了。 |
| Q: The answer is compassion. Compassion. | 当你使用(慈悲)这个词时, 你是否又是流于表面地在使用它, |
| K: I know, I know, I’ve heard it. When you use that word, are you again using that word superficially or there is compassion in you? You understand? When you say, yes, compassion, that becomes utterly superficial; you have already stamped it. The word ‘compassion’ means passion for all, not just for your family. And you cannot have compassion if you are attached to any belief, to any dogma. If there is not complete freedom, there cannot be compassion. And with compassion there is intelligence. So if you say compassion, love is the root of all things in life, in the universe, in all our relationship and action, to find that out, to come upon it, to live with it and act from there – then marriage or not marriage – then you are no longer an individual, there is something else, entirely different from one’s own petty little self. | 还是说,你内心已经有了慈悲之情? 你理解了吗? 当你说:是的,答案就是「慈悲」, 这就变得彻底肤浅了; 那时你就已经践踏了这个词。 「慈悲」这个词意味着 对所有人的热情, 而不只是对你家人的热情。 而你是无法拥有「慈悲」的…… ——如果你执著于 任何信仰和教条的话。 如果没有完全的自由, 就不可能会有「慈悲」。 而伴随着「慈悲」的出现, 就会产生「智慧」。 所以,如果你说「慈悲」、 「爱」是生活中、 宇宙中、 以及我们所有的关系与行动中一切事物的根源, 那么就请你去发现它、去邂逅它、去经历体验它, 并由此而采取行动 ——那时你可以结婚,也可以不结婚—— 那时你就不再是个体了, 而是会有某种别的事物, 某种和你自己卑微渺小的「自我」 截然不同的东西。 |
| Right, sir? Is there another question you would like to ask on that level? Or can we go on with this question, which is really quite important, if we can go into it seriously. We asked: can thought be aware of itself? | 好吧,先生? 在这方面,你们还有别的什么 想要问的问题吗? 还是说,我们可以继续刚才那个问题了, 因为那真的是一个相当重要的问题 ——如果我们可以认真严肃地深入它的话。 我们问: 「思想」能够觉察它自己吗? |
| That is, thought has created the thinker – right? – separate from his thought. Isn’t that so? Have you got it? That is, there is the thinker who then says, I must be aware of what I think; I must control my thoughts, I must not let my thoughts wander. So there is the thinker separate from his thought. And the thinker acts upon the thought. Right? Now, is the thinker different from thought? Or the thinking, thought, has created the thinker. You understand the question? There is no thinker without thought. Right? Do we meet each other on this? Please, because this is rather important, because if we can find out why this duality exists in us: the opposite, the contradiction, the ‘me’ and the thought, the ‘me’ as the thinker, the one who witnesses, the one who observes, and the thing to be observed. Right? That is, the thinker then controls thought – right? – shapes thought, puts thought into a mould; but is the thinker different from thought? Has not thought created the thinker? | 也就是说,「思想」已经创造出了「思想者」 ——对吧?—— 这个思想者是独立于他的思想的。 难道不是这样吗? 你们理解它了吗? 换句话说,那时会有一个思想者说: 我必须要觉察我自己的想法念头; 我必须要控制我的思想, 我绝不能让我的思想东游西逛。 所以存在着一个 与他自己「思想」分离的「思想者」。 然后那个思想者会对思想采取行动。 是这样吧? 然而,这个「思想者」 是有别于「思想」的吗? 还是说,其实是思考、思想 创造出了“思想者”? 你们能理解这个问题吗? 没有了思想,也就不会有“思想者”了。 对吧? 我们是否就这一点达成共识了? 请注意, 这一点是相当重要的, 因为如果我们可以发现 为什么这种「二元性」会存在于我们内心 ——那种对立、那种矛盾、 “我”和思想, “我”是思想者, 我是那个旁观者, 存在着一个在观察的人 和一个被观察的东西。 对吧? 也就是说,那时思想者在控制思想 ——是吧? —— 他在塑造思想, 把思想放入一个模子里; 然而思想者和思想 是不同的吗? 难道不正是思想创造出了那个“思想者”吗? |
| Q: I can see it logically. | 提问者:我可以从逻辑上看到这一点。 |
| K: Wait, sir, first of all let’s be logical. Or let us see it intellectually, which is what? Verbally. Verbally I can see very clearly that there is the division between the thinker and the thought, and thought has created the thinker. So the thinker is the past, with his memories, with his knowledge, all put together by thought, which has come into being after experiences and so on, so it is the whole activity of the past, the thinker. Agreed? Clear? And then it says, thinking is something different from me who is the thinker. Right? You accept that logically, intellectually – why? Not you, sir, but we all do. We all say, yes, I understand it intellectually very quickly. But why? Why do we say that: I understand it intellectually? |
克:等一下,先生, 首先,我们要符合逻辑理性。
或者说,让我们从思维智性的层面看到这一点 ——这算是什么呢?
也就是从口头文字上理解它。
我可以从口头文字上 非常清楚地看到
存在着这种「思想者」和「思想」之间的分裂, 并且是思想创造出了思想者。
所以那个思想者就是「过去」, 他带着自己的各种记忆、
自己的知识,而所有这些 都是由思想所拼凑组合起来的,
在我们有了某些经验等等之后, 这个“思想者”便出现了, 所以这个“思想者”, 他就是所有「过去」的活动。
同意这一点吗?
你们清楚了吗? 然后他(思想者)会说: 思考/思想 是某种
有别于我这个“思想者”的东西。
对吧? 你从逻辑上、理智上同意了这一点 ——为什么呢?
不是单指你,先生,我们都是这样的。
我们都会说:是的,我可以在思维理智上 很快理解这一点。
但为什么呢? 为什么我们要这么说:我在思维理智上理解了它? 提问者:因为它似乎是显而易见的事。 |
| Q: It seems obvious. | 克:不,不,先生,请你深入它。 |
| K: No. No. Go into it, sir, why do we say, first reaction, I understand intellectually. Why? Is it not because we never look at the whole thing. We only look at something intellectually. Now, the speaker explained very carefully, logically, the thinker and the thought. And you accept that logically. And I say, why do you do that? Why does one do that? Is it that the intellect is highly developed with most of us, or developed much more than our sensitivity, our immediate perception. Right? Of course. Because we are trained from childhood to acquire, to memorise – right? – to exercise the brain, certain parts of the brain, which is to hold what has been told, informed, and keep on repeating it. So when you meet something new, you say, I understand intellectually. But one never meets the new totally, whole, that is, intellectually, emotionally, with all your senses awakened, you never receive it completely. You receive it partially – right? And the partial activity is the intellectual activity. It’s never the whole being observing. You say, yes, that’s logical. And we stop there. We don’t say, why is it that only part of the senses are awakened? Intellectual perception is partial sensitivity, partial senses acting. To create a dynamo, to do that you have to think intellectually. In creating a computer, in putting computer together, you don’t have to have all your emotions and your senses, you have become mechanical, and repeat that. So the same process is carried when we hear something new, say, I understand intellectually. We don’t meet it entirely. So the statement has been made but we don’t receive it totally. | 为什么我们会说——它是我们的第一反应—— 我从思维智性上理解它了。为什么? 难道不是因为我们从来没有去审视过 事物的全貌吗? 我们只是从思维理性上 去审视了某个东西。 你瞧,演讲者非常仔细地、 逻辑地解释了…… 思想者和思想的问题。 而你从逻辑上同意了它。 然后我说:为什么你要这么做呢? 为什么我们会这么做? 是不是因为我们大多数人的智力 已经高度发展了, 或者说其发展程度已经超过了 我们的敏感度、我们即刻的感知。 是吧? 当然是了。 因为我们从小开始就被教育培养着 去获取知识、去记忆知识——对吧?—— 去锻炼我们的大脑 ——只是大脑的某些部分, 也就是牢牢记住那些别人教导我们、告知我们的东西, 然后不断地重复它。 因此当你遇到了某种全新的东西时, 你就会说,我已经从思维智性上明白它了。 但我们从来没有完全地、整体性地 去面对接触崭新的事物, 也就是既从智力上、也从情感上, 用你所有已被唤醒的感官去面对它, 你从来没有完整完全地去接收它。 你只是局部地接收了它——是吧? 而这种“局部的活动” 就是思维智性的活动。 它从来都不是那种“全身心投入的观察”。 你会说:是的,这很合乎逻辑。 然后我们就止步于此了。 我们不会说: 为什么只有部分的感官是觉醒的? 思维智性上的认识只是“局部的敏感”, 只有部分的感官在运作。 要制造一台发电机,要做这件事, 你必须要进行理性思考。 要制造一台电脑、 组装一台电脑, 你并不需要动用 你全部的情感和感官, 你只需要去机械化地操作、 去重复就可以了。 所以,当我们聆听了某种全新的事物以后, 我们也会执行同样的流程, 我们会说:我已经从思维智性上理解了它。 我们并没有完整完全地去面对它。 所以,虽然对方做出了一番陈述, 但我们并没有完整地接收到它。 |
| So the problem arises, sir, out of this: why is it that we never meet anything, especially when you see a tree or the mountains, or the movement of the sea, with all your senses highly awakened. Why? Is it not that we live always partially? That is, we always live in a limited sphere, limited space in ourselves. It’s a fact. So to look, if you will now, look at those mountains with all your senses. Which means when that act takes place, all your senses – your eyes, your ears, your nerves, the whole response of the organism which is also the brain, receive, look at that whole thing entirely. Then when one does, there is no centre as the ‘me’ who is looking. Right? | 所以,先生, 从这之中问题便产生了: 为什么我们从来不让自己所有的感官高度觉醒,以这种方式去面对所有事物呢? ——尤其是当你看到一棵树、 看到了群山、 或者看到 大海的涌动时。 为什么呢? 是不是因为我们一直都是 在“局部地”生活着? 换句话说,我们总是生活在一个局限的圈子里, 生活在我们内心有限的空间里。 这是一个事实。 所以,如果你现在愿意的话, 请你用自己所有的感官去观察一下那些高山。 当你能这样去做, 它意味着你所有的感官 ——你的眼睛、你的耳朵、你的神经、 你这个有机体的全部反应, 同样也包括大脑, 它们在完整地接收和观察 全部的事物。 当我们这样做的时候,是不存在那个 正在观察的、作为“我”的中心主体的。 |
| So we are asking: can thought be aware of itself? This is rather a complex question, because this requires very careful observation. Thought has created wars – right? – through nationalism, through sectarian religion, Catholic, Protestant, Hindu, Buddhist. Thought has created all this – right? You are quite sure? God has not created all this: the hierarchy of the church, the Pope, all the dress, all the rituals, the swinging of the incense, the candles – right? All that paraphernalia that goes on in a cathedral or in a church is put together by thought, copied, some of it, from the ancient Egyptians, from the ancient Hindus, Egyptians, Jews. It’s all thought. Right? So God is created by thought. | 对吧? 那么我们就要问了: 「思想」能否觉察到它自己呢? 这是一个相当复杂的问题, 因为它需要 非常小心仔细的观察。 思想已经创造出了战争 ——对吧? ——经由国家主义、 经由宗派对立的宗教 ——天主教徒、新教徒、印度教徒、佛教徒。 思想已经创造出了所有这一切——是吧? 你们真的确信这一点了吗? 所有这些东西并不是“上帝”所创造的: 教会的等级制度、教皇、 所有的宗教服饰、宗教仪式、 提炉摇香、 烛火摇曳——对吧? 大教堂或小教堂里正在上演着 所有这些繁杂仪轨, 而它们都是由「思想」拼凑起来的, 其中有一些是从古代埃及人那里 抄袭来的, 或者来自于古代印度人、 埃及人、犹太人。 然而它们全都是「思想」。 难道不是吗? 所以“上帝”也是思想创造出来的。 |
| A man who has no fear whatsoever of dying, living, problems, no fear whatsoever, does he need god? So thought has put all this together. One can see what thought has done, step by step – right? | 如果一个人完全不畏惧死亡、不畏惧生活、 不畏惧各种问题, 如果他没有任何恐惧, 那他还需要上帝吗? 所以,思想已经拼凑出了所有这些东西。 我们可以一步一步地来看清 思想的所作所为——是吧? |
| So thought can be aware of its own action; you are following? I wonder if you are following all this. So that there is no contradiction between the thinker and the thought, between the observer and the observed. When there is no contradiction, there is no effort. It’s only when there is contradiction, which is division, there must be effort. So to find out whether it’s possible to live a life without a single shadow of effort, contradiction, one must investigate the whole movement of thought. And one hasn’t the time or the inclination; one is too busy, too much to do. But one has plenty of time when one wants to do something: when you want to play golf you have any amount of time. | 所以,思想可以去觉察它自身的行动; 你们跟上了吗? 我不知道你们是否 跟上了所有这些。 这样的话, 思想者和思想之间、 观察者和被观察物之间便不会有矛盾。 而当没有了矛盾, 也就不会有努力了。 当有了矛盾时 ——矛盾就是「分裂」—— 必然会有努力。 因此,我们要去发现:我们是否可能…… 去过一种没有丝毫努力 和矛盾阴影的生活? 我们必须去探究 思想的全部运动。 然而我们对此并没有那么多时间、 或者说意愿; 我们太忙了,有太多的事情要做。 然而当我们想要做某些事的时候, 我们就会有大把时间了: 比如当你想要打高尔夫球时, 你的时间就会绰绰有余了。 |
| So to find out what’s the activity of thought, to watch it – that’s part of meditation. | 所以,我们要去发现 思想的活动是什么, 去观察思想的活动 ——而这就是「冥想」的一部分。 |
| 4th QUESTION: You have said that quietness, silence, comes unsought. But can we live in ways that will allow it to come more readily? | 第四个问题:你曾经说过:平静、寂静, 它们的出现是不期而至的。 但我们能否采用某种生活方式, 可以让它更容易出现呢? |
| I don’t quite know what it means. You have said that quietness, silence, comes unsought. But can we live in ways that will allow it to come more readily? Oh, yes, it can, by taking a pill. No? By taking a drug; get drunk. Look at the question. He wants something readily, you don’t want to squeeze the orange, but you buy the orange in a tin. You follow? Something readily, quickly. | 我不是很理解这个问题的意思。 你曾经说过:平静、寂静, 它们的出现是不期而至的。 但我们能否采用某种生活方式, 可以让它更容易出现呢? 噢,是的,可以,吃片药就行了。 难道不是吗? 去嗑药、去喝醉就行了。 来看一下这个问题吧。 他想要轻松迅速地得到某些东西, 你们并不想要去榨橙汁, 于是你们就去买了一罐橙汁。 你们明白了吗? 去轻而易举地、迅速地获得某个东西。 |
| Have you ever enquired into what is silence? What is silence? What is peace? Is peace between two wars? That’s what’s happening: what we call peace, it’s between two wars. This war, like the next war, is to end all wars. Do you understand that? You have understood that phrase? This war, like the next war, is to end all wars. That is, is peace between two noises, is peace between two wars, is peace between two rows, quarrels? So what is silence? It cannot naturally be bought in a shop or a pharmacy – right? We would like to buy it quickly and get on with it. But silence cannot be bought nor peace cannot be bought. Right? If that is so, what is silence? | 你可曾探询过 什么是「寂静」? 什么是「寂静」? 什么是「和平」? 「和平」是存在于两次战争之间的东西吗? 这就是正在发生的事情:我们所谓的“和平” ——它指的是两次战争之间的休战时期。 这场战争,和下一场战争一样, 都宣称是为了终结所有的战争。 你们能理解它吗? 你们明白这句话的意思了吗? 这场战争,它和下一场战争一样, 都宣称是为了结束所有的战争。 换句话说:安静是存在于两个噪音之间的东西吗? 和平是存在于两次战争之间的东西吗? 平静是存在于两次争吵或吵架之间的东西吗? 所以,什么才是「寂静」呢? 它(寂静)自然是无法在商店或药店中 买到的东西——是吧? 我们想要快速地买到它, 然后体验它。 然而寂静是无法买到的、 和平也是无法买到的。 对吧?如果是这样的话, 那么「寂静」是什么呢? |
| Silence must mean space, mustn’t it? I can be very silent in a small space. Enclose myself, shut my eyes, and put a wall round myself, concentrate on some potty little affair, and in that there can be certain amount of peace, certain amount of silence. Right? I can go into my den, my reading room or quiet room and sit there, but the space is limited when I do that. Not only my little room, but in my brain also, the space is very, very limited. Right? Because most of us have never even asked about, thought about all this. | 寂静必定意味着「空间」,难道不是吗? 我可以在一个很小的空间里非常安静。 自我封闭,闭上我的眼睛, 在我周围建立起一道“围墙”, 然后专注于一些 我的小破事, 在这之中 也会有一定程度的安静、 一定程度的“寂静”。 对吧? 我可以走进我的小房间、我的书房或者一间安静小屋, 然后坐在那里, 然而当我这么做的时候, 那个“空间”是很有限的。 不只是我的小屋空间有限, 我大脑里的空间 同样也是非常非常有限的。 是吧? 因为我们大多数人甚至从来没有 询问过、思考过所有这些东西。 |
| So what is space? Is space from one point to another? Is space a limited dimension? Or, space without a centre? Therefore, without a centre, therefore no border. You understand? As long as I have ‘me’, my problems, my selfish demands, my, my, my, it’s very limited. Right? That limitation has its own small space. But that little space is a form of self-protective wall, to remain in there, not to be disturbed, not to have problems, not to have – you follow? – all the trouble and so on. So, as for most of us, that space of the self is the only space we have. And from that space we are asking what is space. I wonder if you follow all this? Am I making the question clear? | 那么,什么是「空间」呢? 「空间」是从一个点到另一个点吗? 「空间」是一个有限的维度吗? 还是说,「空间」是没有一个中心点的? 由于它没有中心点, 因此它便没有了边界。 你们能理解吗? 只要我还是有着一个“我”:我的各种问题、 我自私自利的需求,我的、我的、我的 ——这就会变得非常局限了。 是吧? 这种局限性 会有其自身的狭小空间。 这种狭小的空间 是一种自我保护的围墙, 我待在围墙之内,以便不受到打扰, 不会有各种问题, 不会有各种苦恼麻烦等等 ——你们跟上了吗? 因此,对于我们大多数人来说, 这个「自我」的空间是我们所拥有的唯一空间。 而我们都是从这个空间出发而去问: 什么是「空间」? 我不知道你们是否都跟上了这一切? 我有没有把这个问题表达清楚? |
| Q: Sure. You are saying we’ve got to have space, so that we can have an understanding of silence. We need to have space so that we can have an enjoyment, find the time for the pleasure of silent melody; space; we can’t enjoy or understand silence or have silence without space. | 提问者:你当然表达清楚了。 你在说:我们必须要有空间, 由此我们才能够 理解「寂静」。 我们需要有空间, 由此我们才能够享受快乐、 才能有时间去享受那“寂静旋律”的快乐; 我们需要空间; 没有空间,我们就无法享受或了解「寂静」、 无法拥有「寂静」了。 |
| K: Of course. Space to understand, space to enjoy. But always that’s limited, isn’t it? So where there is limitation, there cannot be vast space. That’s all. And space implies silence. Noise doesn’t imply space. I don’t know if one sees that. All the noise that is going on in towns, between people, and all the noise of modern music – there’s no space, there is not silence anywhere, just noise. It may be pleasant or unpleasant, that’s not the point. | 克:当然了。我们需要空间才能去了解、 我们需要空间才能去享受乐趣。 然而那个空间永远都是有限的,难道不是吗? 所以,当有了「局限性」, 就不可能会有广阔无限的空间了。 仅此而已。 而空间就意味着「寂静」。 噪音则意味着空间的缺失。 我不知道你们是否看到了这一点。 城镇中正在发生着的所有噪音, 以及人与人之间的噪音, 还有所有那些现代音乐的噪音 ——其中并没有「空间」,「寂静」无处可寻, 存在的只有噪音。 它也许是令人愉悦的噪音、也可能是令人不快的噪音 ——这不是重点。 |
| So what does it mean to have space? Space between two notes on the piano; that’s a very small space. Or silence between two people who have been quarrelling, and later on resume the quarrelling. Right? All that is a very, very limited space, so is there a space that’s limitless? Not in heaven, not in the universe, but in ourselves, in our whole way of living, to have space: not imaginative, not romantic, but actual feeling of vast sense of space. | 所以「拥有空间」意味着什么呢? 钢琴上两个音符之间的“空间” ——这是一个很小的空间。 或者是两个正在争吵的人停歇间隙的 片刻“寂静” ——虽然之后他们又会继续争吵。 对吧? 所有这些都是 非常非常有限的空间, 那么,是否存在一个无限的空间呢? 不是在天堂里、不是在宇宙中, 而是在我们心中、 在我们整个的生活方式之中, 去拥有那种空间: 它不是想象出来的、不是浪漫多情, 而是切实地感受到那种广阔无限的空间。 |
| Now, you will say, yes, I understand that intellectually. But to receive that question: what is space, what’s the content of that, to receive it, entirely, with all your senses, then you will find out what it is, if there is such a vast space which is related to the universe. |
而现在,你又会说: 是的,我能够从思维智性上理解它。
然而,你们要去接收这个问题, 即:什么是「空间」?
空间包含了哪些内容?
去完全地、用你所有的感官 去接收它,
然后你就会发现「空间」是什么、 以及是否存在这么一个 和宇宙相关联的无限巨大的空间了。
现在几点了? 提问者:十二点四十五分。 |
| What time is it? | 克:我可以再回答一个问题吗? 你们不累吧? |
| Q: Quarter to one. | 第五个问题:是否存在诸如“真正的古鲁” 这样的东西? |
| K: May I go on with one more question? You aren’t tired? | 是否存在一种正确的“咒语(mantra)”的用法? |
| 5th QUESTION: Is there such a thing as a true guru? Is there ever a right use of mantra? | 是否存在诸如“真正的古鲁”这样的东西? 是否存在一种正确的“咒语(mantra)”的用法? |
| Is there such a thing as a true guru? Is there ever a right use of mantra? | 我认为我们有必要了解一下 这个词的含义…… ——这两个词的含义:古鲁和咒语。 |
| I think it is necessary to understand the meaning of that word, those two words, guru and mantra. They are two Sanskrit words. Guru: do you know what it means? The root meaning of that word, I’ve been told by many Sanskrit scholars, the real meaning is ‘weight’. W-e-i-g-h-t, you know. And also it means, one who dispels illusion. Right? And also it means, one who points. Points – not the way, just points. And one who does not impose his illusions on you, his stupidities on you. Please, this is the meaning of that word. | 它们是两个梵文词语。 古鲁——你们知道它是什么意思吗? 这个词的词根意思 ——这是很多梵文学者告诉我的—— 它真正的意思是“重量(weight)”, W-e-i-g-h-t——你懂的。 它同样意味着 那个驱散错觉幻想的人。 好吧? 此外,它还意味着 一个指明方向的人。 只是“指明方向” ——不是指出一条具体道路,而只是指出方向。 古鲁不会把他的 错觉幻想、 把他的种种愚蠢强加于你。 请别笑, 这就是这个词的意思。 |
| And also, the meaning, the root meaning of the word ‘mantra’ means to ponder over not becoming. And also it means, dissolve, put away, all self-centred activity. You understand? Ponder over not becoming, and also dissolve, put away, banish all self-centred activity. Right? ‘Guru’ means all that, ‘mantra’ means all this. | 而另一方面,“咒语”这个词的意思…… 这个词的词根意思是 它意味着去「沉思」不再去「成为什么」。 它还意味着去消除、抛弃掉 所有自我中心的活动。 你们听懂了吗? 去沉思“不再去成为什么”, 此外也要去消除、 去抛弃、去驱逐掉 所有自我中心的活动。 好吧?这就是“古鲁”的全部含义、 这就是“咒语”的全部含义。 |
| And the questioner asks, is there a true guru? In Northern India, they call an educator, teacher of a elementary school ‘guru’. They call them guruji, because he is teaching, informing. Now, the word ‘guru’ has been brought over from that unfortunate country to this country, and they are making millions and millions of money out of it. Telling you what to do, giving you mantras for $500 or $100 or $2, to repeat it. And when you repeat something constantly day after day, your brain becomes what it is. | 而这位提问者问: 是否存在真正的古鲁? 在印度北部, 人们会把一位教育工作者、 一位小学老师称为“古鲁”。 人们称他们为“古鲁吉”, 因为他们在教导别人、在传授知识。 而如今, “古鲁”这个词 已经从那个不幸的国家(印度) 被带到了这个国家(美国), 人们正在利用它 赚取数以百万计的美元。 他们会告诉你该怎么做、 给你一些咒语, 收费500美元、100美元或者2美元,让你去反复念诵它。 然后当你日复一日地 不断重复某个咒语以后, 你的大脑就会回归它“真正的模样”。 |
| And there is no right guru, there is only the wrong guru. Because nobody can teach you anything except for yourself. They can teach you how to read, write, mathematics, biology, and so on, but nobody can teach you what you are, about yourself and whether there is freedom from all that tradition, from all the tremendous conditioning of centuries. That implies you are the teacher and the disciple, there is no teacher or a disciple outside you. You understand the implication of this? | 然而并不存在什么“正确的古鲁”, 只存在“错误的古鲁”。 因为没有人可以教导你任何东西 ——除了你自己。 人们可以教导你如何读书写字、 教你数学、生物学等等, 然而并没有人可以教导你“你是什么”、 教导关于你自己的真相、 以及你是否可以摆脱掉 世世代代以来所有的传统、 所有那些 深重的局限。 这意味着 你既是导师也是弟子, 除了你自己之外, 并不存在什么“导师”或“弟子”。 你明白 这其中的深意了吗? |
| We depend on others, which is natural. I depend – one depends on the postman, on the doctor, on the computer expert; how to put together a motor; you depend on all that. On the pharmacist, chemist. And also we think it is necessary that we depend inwardly on others; on my wife I depend, of course, in several ways I have to depend – she has to depend on me, I have to depend on her. But the dependence becomes gradually attachment and all the agony of attachment begins. | 我们需要依赖于别人——这也是很自然的事。 我需要依赖于…… ——某人(指克氏自己)需要依赖于邮递员、 依赖于医生、 依赖于电脑专家; 如何组装好一台发动机, 你需要依赖于所有这些人。 依赖于药剂师、依赖于化学家。 此外,我们也认为 我们需要在内心依赖于别人: 我会依赖于我的妻子——这是当然的, 我会在很多方面都依赖于她, 妻子需要依靠我, 而我也必然依赖于她。 然而这种依赖 会逐渐演变成「执著」, 于是所有的「执著之苦」 便开始了。 |
| So learning about oneself is infinite. You understand? Learning is infinite. Not about books, that has certain limitations; all knowledge is limitation. Obviously, sir, obviously, right? There is no complete knowledge about anything, even the scientists admit it. They are always adding – more and more and more, so knowledge is always limited, now or in the future. And outward knowledge is necessary and that same wave, it continues inwardly. Right? That we must know ourselves. Right? The Greeks – before the Greeks – they said ‘know yourself’. And ‘know yourself’ doesn’t mean go to somebody and find out about yourself. It means watch what you are doing, what you are thinking, your behaviour, your words, your gestures, the way you talk, the way you eat, everything; watch. Not correct, not say, this is right or wrong, just watch, And to watch there must be silence. And in that watching there is learning. And therefore when you are learning you become the teacher. So you are both the teacher and the disciple, and nobody else on earth. | 所以,学习了解「自我」是没有尽头的。 你们能理解吗? 「学」无止境。 不是那种书本知识的学习 ——这种「学习」是有某种局限性的, 所有的知识都是局限。 这是显而易见的,先生,这是很显然的事,对吧? 对于任何事物来说, 都不存在“完整完全”的知识…… ——即使科学家们也承认这一点。 科学家们总是在为知识的宝库添砖加瓦 ——越来越多、越来越多的知识, 所以知识永远都是有限的东西 ——不管是在现在,还是在未来。 虽然外在的知识是必不可少的, 然而这股同样的“知识浪潮” 却在我们内心得以延续了。 难道不是吗? 那就是“我们必须要知晓了解自己”。 对吧? 古希腊人——以及古希腊人之前的人—— 他们都说“去了解你自己”。 而“了解你自己”并不意味着你要去找某个人, 然后搞清楚关于你自己的真相。 它意味着要观察你正在做的事, 观察你正在想的东西、 你的行为举止、你的言语、 你的手势、你讲话的方式、 你吃东西的方式,每一样事情——去观察它们。 不是去纠正它们,不要说:这是正确的或错误的。 而只是去观察它, 要观察一样东西,就必须要有「寂静」。 而在那种观察之中, 就会有「学习」。 因此当你在学习的时候, 你就会变成那个老师。 所以你既是导师也是弟子 ——这个地球上没有其他人是导师和弟子。 |
| I do not know if you have not noticed in this world, more and more, there are institutions, foundations, associations, for various things, outwardly and inwardly. Right? Foundation for right action, for right thinking – foundation; each holding on to his own little foundation. You might just say, why do you have foundations? I’ll tell you. This foundation exists merely to maintain schools – ordinary schools – both in India, where there are six schools, in England, and here at Ojai. And to publish books and to arrange the talks, and nothing else! No spiritual – I dislike that word – no religious content behind that word. | 我不知道你们有没有注意到: 如今这个世界 冒出了越来越多的 机构、基金会与协会 ——它们是为了各种外在和内在的事物 而建立起来的。 对吧? 比如有的基金会致力于正确的行动、正确的思考 ——有这样的基金会; 每一个人都执著于 他自己的那个小小的基金会。 而你们也许会问: 那为什么你(克氏)也会有基金会呢? 让我来告诉你吧。 克里希那穆提基金会的存在 只是为了维持学校的运营——它们只是普通的学校, 它们坐落于印度——印度有六所克氏学校—— 英格兰和美国的欧亥 基金会还负责出版我的书籍、筹备安排我的演讲活动 ——除此之外就没有了! 这个基金会并没有任何“灵性”的……——啊,我不喜欢“灵性”这个词—— 这个基金会并没有任何宗教的属性。 |
| So when one understands the meaning of the word ‘guru’, and ‘mantra’, they become very, very serious. ‘Mantra’ means to dissolve the whole structure of becoming. So it means there is no evolution for the self, for the psyche. That’s very complex, I won’t go into that. And there is nobody that can free oneself, nobody outside, except one’s own inward integrity, great humility to learn. Right, sir. May I stop and get up? | 所以当我们理解了“古鲁”和“咒语” 这两个词的意思, 那它们就会变得非常非常的重要。 “咒语”的意思是 消解掉整个“成为什么”的结构。 因此它意味着 并不存在什么「自我」和「心灵」的进化成长。 这个话题很复杂, 我就不展开讲了。 没有任何人——没有任何在你之外的人—— 可以帮助解放你自己, 只有靠你自己内心的诚实 和无比谦卑的学习才可以。 先生们,就讲到这里吧。 我可以结束演讲、起身了吗? |