Krishnamurti_VI

Krishnamurti Subtitles

Điều gì xảy đến cho nhân loại?

Brockwood Park - 29 August 1982

Public Talk 2

1:08	Krishnamurti: May we continue with	Chúng ta có thể tiếp tục câu
	what we were talking about yesterday?	chuyện ngày hôm qua không?

1:26	Before we go into that,	Trước hết người nói
		xin nhắc nhở bạn...

1:32	may the speaker remind you

1:35	this is not	...đây không phải kỳ
	a weekend entertainment.	giải trí cuối tuần.

1:40	You are not here	Các bạn ở đây không phải
	just to be amused,	để vui đùa, hay kích thích trí óc.

1:44	or intellectually
	excited about it.

1:51	This is in no way	Không có gì để giải trí.
	a form of entertainment.

1:56	We are rather serious,	Chúng ta khá nghiêm túc
	and I hope you are also serious.	và tôi hy vọng bạn cũng thế.

2:03	We were saying yesterday	Hôm qua chúng ta nói về
		nhận thức con người...

2:10	that human consciousness,

2:13	that is, what we are,	...là chính chúng ta, không
		cạn cợt mà sâu thẳm...

2:17	not superficially, but deeply,

2:26	there is a common ground	...có một nền tảng chung
	upon which we all stand.	chúng ta đứng trên đó.

2:33	Our consciousness is more or less	Nhận thức chúng ta ít hay nhiều
	similar to the whole of mankind.	giống với toàn thể nhân loại.

2:41	Wherever you go	Dù bạn đi đâu cũng có
	there is always sorrow,	khổ đau, lo âu...

2:46	anxiety, uncertainty,

2:50	great sense of deprivation,	...bất an, cảm giác
		mất mát lớn lao...

2:56	a pursuit of pleasure,	...theo đuổi thú vui, và đớn đau
		bất tận của 1000 năm nước mắt.

2:59	and the endless pain
	of a thousand years of tears.

3:07	This is the common lot	Đó là số phận chung nhân loại...
	of all human beings

3:13	whether they live	...dù họ sống dưới khí hậu
	in different climates,	khác nhau, dù ở Trung quốc...

3:16	whether they live in China,
	in Russia or in America,

3:20	or in different parts	...Nga, hay Mỹ, hay nơi nào
	of the world.	khác trên thế giới...

3:24	This is the common lot	...đó là số phận chung nhân loại.
	of all human beings.

3:35	And this is the consciousness	Và đó là nhận thức, với
	with its content	chứa nhóm, của mọi cá nhân...

3:41	of all individuals
	who think they are separate,

3:47	but they are	...họ nghĩ họ khác biệt,
	similar to all mankind.	nhưng nhân loại là như nhau.

3:54	I think this is irrefutable.

3:58	Both logically,	Tôi nghĩ điều này không thể
	intellectually, and factually,	chối cãi, cả lý luận...

4:02	this is so.	...lý trí và thực tế, thế đó.

4:05	This is not	Đây không phải giáo lý,
	a dogmatic statement.	nhưng khi quan sát thật kỹ...

4:09	But when one closely observes

4:13	what human beings are actually,	...con người, thực sự chứ không
		lý tưởng, không tưởng tượng...

4:17	not ideologically,

4:20	not in fantasy or romantically,

4:26	but actually.	...hay viễn vông, mà thực sự:
		mỗi người đều đau khổ...

4:30	Each one of us suffers,

4:33	each one of us	...mỗi người với bao
	is in a great deal of trouble,	lo lắng, buồn phiền.

4:40	in sorrow.

4:43	We are	Chúng ta bất an, bất định,
	uncertain, insecure,	chán nãn, tổn thương...

4:48	frustrated, wounded,

4:52	and wherever you go,	...và bạn đi đến đâu
	this is so with all human beings.	con người cũng thế.

5:01	Though superficially	Dù bề ngoài họ bị phân
	they are divided by nationalities,	chia bởi quốc tịch...

5:08	by different cultural,	...bởi văn hóa tôn giáo khác nhau,
	religious differences,	nhưng đó là vỏ bọc ngoài...

5:15	but those are outward coatings
	of an inward travail,

5:25	inward agony,	...của những vất vả bên trong,
		khổ, lạc, hân hoan bên trong v.v..

5:28	pleasure, joy and so on.

5:33	So when you	Vậy khi bạn xem xét cẩn thận
	consider this carefully,	điều này, cá nhân có vị trí gì?

5:40	what place has
	an individual in it at all?

5:48	We are conditioned	Chúng ta bị qui định như
	to individuality,	những cá nhân...

5:54	we are conditioned to think	...bị qui định nên nghĩ rằng
	that we are separate from another,	mình tách biệt với người khác.

6:04	we have separate souls	Chúng ta có linh hồn riêng,
	– whatever that may mean.	dù là ý nghĩa nào.

6:11	We must succeed separately.	Chúng ta phải thành công riêng.

6:17	So, is that mere conditioning,	Vậy có phải đó chỉ là qui định,
		hay ảo tưởng, hay điều gì...

6:23	or is it an illusion,

6:31	or it is something
	that superficially...

6:37	Because we are	...bề ngoài - bởi chúng ta
	different superficially:	khác nhau bề ngoài, bạn cao...

6:39	you are tall, I am short,
	or I am black or you are brown

6:43	and so on.	...tôi thấp, hay tôi đen và
		bạn nâu v.v..và v.v..

6:45	Superficially, we may be	...bề ngoài chúng ta có thể
	different at the peripheral level,	khác nhau ở mức độ thứ yếu...

6:51	but that does not	và điều ấy không
	constitute individuality.	tạo thành cá nhân.

6:56	You may have
	a different capacity from another.

7:03	I may be an artist	Bạn có thể có khả năng khác nhau.
	and you may be a politician.

7:08	Those are outward dressings,	Có thể tôi là nghệ sĩ và
		bạn là chính trị gia...

7:11	outward coating.	...đó là áo ngoài, vỏ bọc ngoài.

7:14	And we take the outward effects,	Và chúng ta xem hiệu quả ngoài,
		dáng vẻ ngoài như cá nhân.

7:18	outward appearance,
	as the individual.

7:27	As we said yesterday,	Như nói hôm qua, chúng ta
		không chỉ lắng nghe...

7:29	we are not merely
	listening to the speaker,

7:37	but we are	...người nói mà cùng nhau
	thinking together over this matter.	suy nghĩ vấn đề này.

7:42	The speaker is not	Người nói không đặt
	laying down any dogmatic statement.	ra giáo điều nào.

7:48	We are questioning,	Chúng ta hỏi han, tìm kiếm,
	we are enquiring,	và nghi vấn...

7:53	and doubt, scepticism	...nghi ngờ, là một
	is part of this enquiry.	phần của tìm kiếm.

8:01	Not only doubt what one thinks,	Không chỉ nghi điều bạn nghĩ,
		điều bạn tin, điều bạn kết luận...

8:08	doubt one's beliefs,
	one's conclusions.

8:15	Not merely doubt	...không chỉ nghi lời người nói
	what the speaker says,	- điều này quá dễ...

8:19	that would be quite easy,

8:22	and it becomes	...và trở nên khá hời hợt
	rather superficial,	- nhưng nghi thái độ mình...

8:25	but to doubt
	one's own behaviour,

8:32	the way one lives,	...lối sống mình, cả cơ cấu
		tôn giáo, nghi ngờ...

8:35	the whole religious structure
	– to doubt it, to question it.

8:41	To doubt all nationalities,	...đặt vấn đề; nghi quốc gia...

8:44	why we kill human beings	...tại sao giết người, tại sao
	who are like us,	chúng ta dung túng chiến tranh, v.v..

8:54	why we tolerate wars

8:59	and so on.

9:02	Scepticism has a place	Thái độ hoài nghi nằm
	in our enquiry.	trong tìm kiếm.

9:07	And we are enquiring together,	Và chúng ta cùng tìm hiểu...

9:10	not the speaker is enquiring,	...không phải người nói
	and then you follow him,	tìm kiếm rồi bạn đi theo.

9:16	or you say it is absurd	Hay bạn bảo vô lý rồi bỏ đi.
	and move away from it.

9:20	But rather, we are together	Nhưng chúng ta nên
	going into this matter,	cùng tìm hiểu vấn đề.

9:30	it is not a one-sided affair.	Đây không phải công việc một bên.

9:36	So if that is very clear,	Vậy nếu đã rõ chúng ta
		cùng tìm hiểu vấn đề:

9:38	that we are together

9:40	enquiring into the question:	...xem điều gì xảy ra
	what has happened to man,	cho con người...

9:47	who was supposed to have	...trải qua tiến hóa
	evolved through millions of years?	suốt bao triệu năm?

9:54	And through that evolution,	Và qua tiến hóa ấy,
	through that time, period,	qua giai đoạn ấy...

10:01	we have more or less	...chúng ta ít nhiều vẫn
	remained as barbarous as before:	dã man như trước...

10:07	killing each other,	...giết hại nhau, luôn xung đột,
	constantly in conflict,	tôn giáo riêng, v.v..

10:13	divided religions

10:17	and so on.

10:22	So as we said yesterday,	Như nói hôm qua, nhận thức...

10:27	our consciousness,
	which is what we are,

10:32	is the consciousness of mankind.	...là chúng ta, là
		nhận thức nhân loại.

10:39	And we are concerned	Và chúng ta quan tâm xem
		nhận thức ấy với cả chứa nhóm...

10:44	whether that consciousness
	with all its content:

10:49	the beliefs, the conclusions,	...niềm tin, kết luận, tín ngưỡng,
	the faiths, the acceptance,	chấp nhận, sợ hãi...

10:54	the fears, the pleasures,

10:56	the agony,	...thích thú, đớn đau,
	the loneliness, the despair,	cô đơn, chán nản...

11:01	sorrow,	...khổ đau và tìm kiếm
	and the constant enquiry	triền miên một điều gì...

11:05	if there is something more
	beyond all this,

11:07	is the content	...vượt mọi điều này -
	of our consciousness.	đó là chứa nhóm nhận thức.

11:11	This is what we are.	Đó là chúng ta.

11:17	And thought, as we said,	Và tư duy, như đã nói,
		không phải tư duy cá nhân.

11:20	is not individual thought.

11:24	Thought is common	Tư duy là chung cho nhân loại.
	to all mankind.

11:32	So again, very obvious.	Cũng rất hiển nhiên.

11:36	And thought has created	Và tư duy tạo ra thế giới
	all this world in which we live.	chúng ta sống.

11:43	Not nature,	Thật may không phải tự nhiên,
		hổ báo, hay cây, núi đáng yêu...

11:46	not the tiger, fortunately.

11:49	Not the lovely trees
	or the mountains,

11:52	but the society	...mà là xã hội chúng ta sống,
	in which we live.	tư duy tạo ra nó.

11:56	Thought has created all that.

12:04	And having created it,	Và tạo ra rồi tư duy cố gắng...

12:06	then thought
	tries to solve the problems

12:09	involved in that society	...giải quyết vấn đê vướng trong
	of which we are.	xã hội ấy, về chúng ta.

12:14	We are society,	Chúng ta là xã hội, xã hội
	society is not different from us.	không khác chúng ta.

12:21	What we are, the society is.	Chúng ta sao, xã hội vậy.

12:26	If we are ambitious,	Nếu chúng ta tham vọng, tham lam,
	greedy, envious,	ganh ghét, đua tranh...

12:30	competitive, violent,

12:34	we create a society	...bạo lực, chúng ta
	which is what we make of it.	tạo xã hội y như thế.

12:47	So as one observes,	Khi quan sát, đó là thực tế
		hiển nhiên nếu xem xét kỹ.

12:50	these are all obvious facts

12:53	if one has looked into it.

13:01	And one hopes	Và hy vọng...hy vọng bạn đang
	that you are doing this,	làm thế, không chấp nhận...

13:03	not accepting
	what the speaker is saying,

13:07	but enquiring together	...lời người nói, mà cùng
	into this very serious matter.	tìm hiểu sâu vào vấn đề.

13:13	And this is not	Và không phải nghiêm chỉnh cuối
	a weekend seriousness.	tuần, vài ngày, buổi sáng nay...

13:20	For a few days,
	for this morning,

13:23	for an hour or so	...một giờ hay nghiêm chỉnh
	you are a bit serious,	một tí rồi quên hết...

13:25	and then forget all about it.

13:28	Back into the routine,	...trở lại đường cũ, thói xưa...
	into the tradition, into the habit,

13:35	into	...lối sống máy móc quen thuộc.
	the mechanical process of living.

13:39	We are enquiring together	Chúng ta cùng tìm hiểu
	why human beings	xem tại sao con người...

13:45	– you, and those people	...các bạn và những người
	who live thousands of miles away –	sống cách xa hàng ngàn dặm...

13:50	have made society as it is,	...tạo ra xã hội như thế,
		và có thể nào làm...

13:55	and whether it is possible

13:57	to bring about
	a radical change in that society

14:01	which means	...thay đổi tận căn xã hội ấy...
	radical change in ourselves

14:07	because we are society.	...tức thay đổi triệt để chính
		mình, bởi chúng ta là xã hội.

14:10	The world is not	Thế giới không khác chúng ta.
	different from us,

14:16	we have made this world.	Chúng ta tạo ra thế giới này.

14:21	Unless our world,	Trừ khi thế giới,
		thế giới trong chúng ta...

14:25	which is within us
	in the psychological area,

14:30	if that world is not transformed,	...trong lãnh vực tâm lý, nếu thế
		giới ấy không thay đổi, chúng ta

14:33	we'll go on killing each other

14:37	in the name of God,	...sẽ tiếp tục giết nhau dưới
		danh nghĩa Thượng đế...

14:42	in the name of religions,	...danh nghĩa tôn giáo, yêu nước.

14:45	for patriotic reasons.

14:51	And all that indicates	Và thảy chứng tỏ chúng ta suy tư
		trong cô lập - người Anh...

14:52	we are thinking
	in terms of isolation:

14:58	the British, the French,

15:04	the Tibetans and so on.	...người Pháp, Tây tạng v.v..
		- suy tư trong cô lập...

15:06	Thinking in isolation,

15:14	and hoping to find security	...và hy vọng tìm kiếm an toàn
	both physically and psychologically	cả vật lý lẫn tâm lý...

15:24	– in this isolation	...trong cô lập cố gắng
	try to find security.	tìm kiếm an toàn.

15:32	There can be	Có lẽ chẳng có an toàn
	no security in isolation.	trong cô lập.

15:35	It is so obvious.	Hiển nhiên thôi.

15:43	There can be no security	Chẳng thể có an toàn
	in religious isolation.	trong cô lập tôn giáo.

15:52	There is no security in communes	Không có an toàn trong đoàn nhóm
	because they are isolated.	bởi họ cô lập.

15:58	There is no security	Không có an toàn khi nghĩ rằng
		chúng ta tách biệt với mọi người.

16:01	when we think we are separate
	from the rest of mankind.

16:10	Isolation	Cô lập là vấn đề rất phứt tạp...
	is a very complex problem

16:18	because we are all conditioned	...vì chúng ta qui định sống
	to live and function in isolation.	và hành xử trong cô lập.

16:27	That is our tradition.	Đó là truyền thống,
		là văn hóa chúng ta.

16:33	That is our culture.

16:37	If you are an artist,	Nếu là nghệ sĩ, bạn là nghệ sĩ
		tách biệt với người khác...

16:40	you are an artist:
	separate from everybody else.

16:44	Businessman,	...doanh nhân, hay giáo sĩ
	or the priest: separate.	- tách biệt.

16:51	And religions throughout the world	Và tôn giáo khắp thế giới
	are cultivating this separatism.	vun bón chủ nghĩa phân biệt.

17:00	This is a very serious matter,	Đây là vấn đề rất nghiêm túc,
	please do pay attention to this	hãy lưu tâm...

17:06	because things in the world	...bởi tình hình thế giới
	are getting worse and worse.	ngày càng xấu.

17:14	People are preparing for war.	Mọi người chuẩn bị chiến tranh.

17:18	This is not a threat by me,	Không phải hù dọa
	but it is there.	nhưng hiển nhiên đó.

17:24	And we human beings	Và loài người chúng ta
	are caught up in it.	bị kẹt trong đó.

17:29	The politicians	Các chính trị gia sẽ
	will not listen to any of this	không lắng nghe vì...

17:33	because they cultivate isolation.

17:39	Because the vast majority	...họ vun quén cô lập,
	of people in the world	bởi hầu hết con người...

17:42	think and believe, have faith	...trên thế giới suy nghĩ
		và tin tưởng rằng...

17:45	that when there are
	separate nationalities,

17:49	there will be peace.	...khi có quốc gia riêng
		thì sẽ có hòa bình.

17:54	And history has proved	Và lịch sử chứng minh không có
	there is no peace in isolation,	hòa bình trong cô lập, và cứ thế.

17:59	and yet we carry on.

18:02	You have had a war	Bạn có chiến tranh trong xứ này.
	in this country.

18:06	There is war going on	Chiến tranh xảy ra nhiều
	in different parts of the world	nơi khác trên thế giới...

18:12	because everybody,	...bởi mọi người theo lý tưởng,
	ideologically,	theo quốc gia, theo cá nhân...

18:16	nationally and individually,

18:21	are working for themselves,	...lo cho riêng họ, suy tư hạn hẹp
		trong an toàn trong cô lập.

18:25	thinking in terms
	of security in isolation.

18:35	And as we said yesterday,	Và, như nói hôm qua,
		quan sát thực tế đó...

18:38	to observe this fact,

18:41	this reality,

18:44	to perceive it, not emotionally,	...nhận thức nó, không phải
		cảm xúc hay quan niệm trí óc...

18:52	not as an intellectual concept,

18:55	but as an actuality,	...mà thực tế, một thực tế
	a burning reality:	cháy bỏng, hễ...

19:00	that as long as we are thinking
	in terms of isolation,

19:06	there must be conflict.	...còn suy tư trong giới hạn
		cô lập tất phải có xung đột.

19:14	Conflict in our relationship	Xung đột trong quan hệ,
	as we pointed out yesterday.	như nói hôm qua.

19:22	And this isolation	Và cô lập sinh ra hận thù.
	brings about hatred.

19:34	This isolation brings with it	Cô lập mang cảm giác...

19:38	this sense of a separate entity

19:43	who must work for himself,	...cá nhân chỉ lo cho mình...
	cultivate his selfishness,

19:50	pursue his own trade,	...vun đắp tự ngã, theo đuổi nghề
	his own capacity.	nghiệp riêng, khả năng riêng.

19:56	That is what	Giới khoa học đang làm thế.
	the scientists are doing.

20:01	The scientists, they are	Các khoa học gia, say mê
	interested in one or two things.	một hay hai việc...

20:07	The really great scientists	...nhà khoa học lớn quan tâm đến
	are concerned with matter,	vật chất, điều gì vượt vật chất..

20:13	what is beyond matter.

20:17	But those who are employed	...nhưng những người làm cho
	by the government...	chính phủ, nhà khoa học duy trì...

20:23	The scientists	...chiến tranh, như giáo sĩ khắp
	are maintaining war,	thế giới duy trì chiến tranh.

20:28	as the priests throughout	Phải không?
	the world are maintaining war.

20:33	Right? These are all facts.	Đó là thực tế.

20:39	So as we said yesterday,	Như nói hôm qua, nhận rõ thực tế
		ấy chứ không phải phân tích.

20:44	to perceive these facts

20:48	is not to analyse the fact,

20:52	that which one observes	Những gì bạn quan sát, xem xét.

20:55	– to observe.

20:59	And we went into	Và chúng ta tìm hiểu ngắn gọn
	that question briefly yesterday,	vấn đề: ý nghĩa quan sát là gì?

21:03	What does it mean to observe?

21:10	Observe what is	Quan sát việc xảy ra bên ngoài...
	happening out there,

21:14	outside of our skin:

21:18	the society, the world as it is,	...xã hội, thế giới như thế,
		kỹ thuật...

21:23	where technology
	is advancing so rapidly,

21:30	it is almost	...tiến bộ nhanh chóng, hầu như
	destroying the human brain.	nó phá huỷ trí óc con người.

21:38	And the East,	Và ở Đông phương, như nói
	as we pointed out yesterday,	hôm qua, vùng Viễn đông...

21:42	that is, the Far-East,

21:44	is now going to be	...đang cơ giới hóa toàn diện...
	completely mechanised,

21:47	technologically advancing
	far more than any other country.

21:52	As you know,	...kỹ thuật vượt trội hơn
	Japanese cars, radios,	vài nước khác.

21:55	televisions,	Như nước Nhật - xe hơi,
	and all the rest of it.	máy thu thanh, thu hình v.v..

22:04	And the brain	Và trí óc hầu như
	has been occupied mostly with that.	bận rộn với việc đó.

22:14	And now,	Và nếu không khôn ngoan,
		cẩn thận, thông minh quan sát...

22:17	if we do not wisely,
	carefully, intelligently

22:25	observe
	the deeper quality of the brain,

22:30	the deeper quality	...phẩm chất sâu thẳm của trí óc,
	of the human being,	của con người...

22:39	then the brain	...rồi thì trí óc sẽ hư hoại,
	will naturally deteriorate,	như nó đang hư hoại.

22:42	as it is deteriorating now.

22:48	The brain
	has got infinite capacity,

22:57	but it is limited	Trí óc có khả năng to lớn nhưng bị
	now as we live.	giới hạn như chúng ta đang sống.

23:02	It is limited by	Nó bị giới hạn bởi ý muốn
		thỏa mãn như cá nhân...

23:06	our desire to fulfil
	as an individual,

23:11	it is limited by the travail,	...bị giới hạn bởi khó nhọc,
		đớn đau, thất vọng...

23:16	the agony, the despairs,

23:19	the loneliness,

23:23	the terrible state	...cô đơn, tình trạng đáng sợ
	human beings live in – all that.	con người đang sống, mọi thứ...

23:27	By all those activities,	...bởi mọi hoạt động ấy
	the brain is limited.	trí óc bị giới hạn.

23:33	When that limitation	Khi giới hạn ấy bị phá vỡ
	is broken down,	nó liền vô hạn.

23:37	it has got infinite capacity.	Phải không?

23:45	And we are	Và chúng ta tìm hiểu điều ấy,
	enquiring into that:	xem có thể phá vỡ...

23:49	whether it is
	possible to break down,

23:52	to be free	...thoát khỏi qui định ấy,
	from this conditioning,	như đã nói, khỏi hận thù...

23:57	as we said, from hate.

24:01	Because human beings	...vì con người thù hận lẫn nhau;
	hate each other.	bạn có thể không ghét hàng xóm

24:06	You may not
	hate your neighbour,

24:09	but you hate anybody	...nhưng bạn căm giận kẻ làm
		rối quan niệm riêng của bạn...

24:10	who interferes
	with your particular ideas,

24:15	or you tolerate them,	...hay bạn tha thứ hắn,
	which is the same form.	cũng vậy thôi.

24:20	And we went
	into the question also

24:23	of human beings	Và chúng ta tìm hiểu vấn đề
	wounded, psychologically.	tổn thương tâm lý con người.

24:29	To observe that wound,

24:32	and not carry on and on	Quan sát tổn thương ấy và không
	for the rest of one's life.	mang nó mãi theo mình cả đời.

24:37	See the consequences	Nhìn hậu quả tổn thương tâm lý...
	of being hurt psychologically,

24:44	what it breeds:	...gây ra - cô đơn,
		chống đối, sợ hãi.

24:47	loneliness,
	resistance, more fear.

24:53	To observe it.	Quan sát nó.

24:55	And observation is like a flame,	Và quan sát như ngọn lửa chú tâm...
	which is attention.

25:02	And with that	...và với khả năng quan sát,
	capacity of observation,	tổn thương, cảm giác xúc chạm...

25:09	the wound,
	the feeling of hurt, the hate

25:14	– all that is burnt away,	...căm thù - thảy đều cháy sạch,
	gone, if you observe attentively.	nếu bạn quan sát với chú tâm.

25:22	And also, we talked yesterday	Và hôm qua chúng ta
	about relationship,	cũng nói về quan hệ...

25:28	human relationship,	...quan hệ con người, thân hay sơ.

25:30	intimate and not intimate.

25:37	How we	Làm sao chúng ta luôn xung đột
	are in constant conflict	nhau trong quan hệ, nam, nữ?

25:42	with each other
	in our relationship – man, woman.

25:49	I am sure we know all this.	Tôi chắc chúng ta biết rõ cả.

25:52	But we tolerate this conflict,	Nhưng chúng ta chịu đựng xung đột.
	we have put up with it.

25:57	We are educated	Tha thứ nó, chúng ta được
	to accept conflict.	dạy chấp nhận xung đột.

26:09	And conflict we consider	Và xem xung đột là cần thiết,
	as necessary, as a form of progress.	một hình thức tiến bộ.

26:19	So where there is conflict,	Nơi đâu có xung đột
	there cannot be love.	thì chẳng có yêu thương.

26:24	We talked about it	Hôm qua cũng nói sơ qua rồi.
	briefly yesterday also.

26:29	Conflict has a cause.	Xung đột có nguyên nhân
		và yêu thương có nguyên nhân?

26:36	And has love a cause?

26:42	If I love you	Nếu yêu bạn vì thức ăn,
	because you give me food, sex,	tình dục, tiện nghi, lệ thuộc...

26:48	comfort, dependence,

26:51	I feel attached to you	...tôi cảm thấy bị trói buộc
	for various reasons:	với bạn vì nhiều lý do...

26:55	economic, social, health.

27:00	Is that love?	...kinh tế, xã hội, sức khỏe
		- có phải là yêu thương?

27:04	Please,	Hãy đặt câu hỏi...
	we are asking this question.

27:08	The speaker may ask it,	...người nói có thể hỏi
	but you have to ask this of yourself.	nhưng bạn phải tự hỏi mình.

27:16	Has love a cause?	Yêu thương có nguyên nhân?

27:19	The two words are contradictory.	Hai từ mâu thuẫn nhau vì
		cái mà gọi là yêu thương...

27:25	Because our present
	so-called love has a cause,

27:30	and therefore in it	...có nguyên nhân và vì thế luôn
	there is always the seed of conflict.	có hạt giống xung đột trong ấy.

27:43	So what has a cause, can end.	Cái có lý do có thể chấm dứt,
		hậu quả có thể chấm dứt.

27:48	The effect can end.

27:58	And we ought to talk over	Và buổi sáng nay chúng ta phải
	together this morning	cùng thảo luận nhiều điều khác

28:03	so many other things involved,

28:07	like fear, pleasure, loneliness,	...như sợ, vui, cô đơn, xem coi
		đau khổ có thể chấm dứt không.

28:13	whether sorrow can ever end.

28:26	You know,	Bạn biết con người chưa hề thấu
	man has never understood,	hiểu, hay chấm dứt khổ đau.

28:30	or finished, ended sorrow.

28:34	After millions of years,	Sau hàng triệu năm họ vẫn
		sống trong khổ đau và sợ hãi...

28:36	he is still living
	with sorrow and fear,

28:42	pursuing something	...theo đuổi cái họ cho là thật,
	which he thinks is real, true,	là đúng và họ luôn...

28:48	and he is always disappointed.

28:51	And to achieve that reality,	..thất vọng, và để đạt hiện thực,
	that truth, he must struggle:	chân lý, họ phải tranh đấu...

28:56	conflict is necessary to achieve	...xem xung đột là cần thiết
	that which is beyond all time.	để đạt điều vượt khỏi thời gian.

29:03	So we are trained,	Chúng ta được huấn luyện,
	we are educated,	được dạy dỗ, đó là thói quen...

29:06	it is our habit,
	our tradition to struggle,

29:12	to live in conflict.	...truyền thống tranh đấu,
		sống với xung đột.

29:17	Conflict is not only personal,	Xung đột không chỉ chính mình...

29:21	but the conflict	...mà xung đột với cả mọi
	with other people,	người, với quốc gia khác.

29:25	with other nations.

29:30	So we are asking:	Chúng ta hỏi xem nguồn gốc,
	what is the root,	nguyên nhân xung đột là gì?

29:35	the cause of this conflict?

29:42	Please,	Các bạn hãy cùng tôi
	you are asking this question with me.	đặt câu hỏi ấy.

29:46	Please don't wait	Đừng đợi người nói trả lời.
	for an answer from the speaker.

29:53	We are both, together,	Chúng ta cùng nhau xem xét
		nguyên nhân xung đột bất tận ấy...

29:55	examining the cause of this
	endless conflict between human beings.

30:06	Conflict of religion,	...của con người: xung đột
		tôn giáo, xung đột quốc gia...

30:09	conflict of nationalities,

30:12	the destruction of human beings	...tiêu diệt những người
		tin vào điều gì...

30:15	who believe in something
	different from you,

30:19	the conflict of ideologies,	...khác với bạn, xung đột
	conclusions.	ý thức hệ, định kiến.

30:28	Can this conflict ever end?	Có thể chấm dứt xung đột, hay con
		người phải sống triền miên với nó?

30:31	Or must human beings
	everlastingly live with it?

30:42	What is the root	Nguồn gốc, nguyên nhân
	of this conflict?	xung đột là gì?

30:45	The cause?

30:48	If one can find out the cause,	Nếu có thể tìm ra nguyên nhân...

30:52	then the effect	...kết quả có thể tự nhiên
	can naturally be sterilised,	bị quét sạch hay chấm dứt.

31:00	wiped away or end.

31:04	But if we don't find the cause,	Nhưng nếu không tìm nguyên nhân,
	the deep-rooted cause,	nguyên nhân sâu xa...

31:11	then you may	...rồi bạn có thể cố gắng tác
		động, thay đổi nguyên nhân.

31:18	try to alter the cause.

31:21	You understand?	Bạn hiểu không?

31:26	If I don't find cause	Nếu không tìm nguyên nhân bất hạnh
	for my unhappiness,	tôi sống mãi với bất hạnh.

31:31	I will always live
	in my unhappiness.

31:34	If I don't find cause	Nếu không tìm nguyên nhân cô đơn
	for my sense of loneliness,	tôi sẽ mãi chịu đựng nó...

31:43	I will always tolerate it,

31:45	put up with it,	...chịu đựng cô đơn, sợ hãi nó...
	be frightened with it,

31:48	go through the various travails	...trải qua nhiều nỗi đắng
	involved in loneliness.	cay dính với cô đơn.

31:52	But if I can find	Nhưng nếu có thể tìm ra nguyên nhân,
	the cause of it, I can end it.	tôi có thể chấm dứt nó.

31:58	So we are trying together,	Vậy chúng ta cùng thử xem, không
		phải chấp nhận lời người nói.

32:02	we are not accepting
	what the speaker is saying.

32:06	The speaker	Người nói vô danh...
	is totally anonymous.

32:10	It is not important	...không quan trọng anh ta là ai,
	what the speaker is,	nhưng quan trọng điều anh ta nói.

32:14	but what he says is important.

32:22	So, what is the cause	Vậy, nguyên nhân xung đột là gì?
	of this conflict?

32:34	First of all,	Trước hết hãy nhìn vào
		ý thức hệ con người tạo ra:

32:37	look at the ideologies
	man has created:

32:42	the Russian ideology,	...ý thức hệ Liên xô, Marx,
		ý thức hệ Lenin, Mao Trạch Đông...

32:45	Marx, Lenin ideologies,

32:50	Mao Tse Tung ideologies,

32:54	the Christian ideologies,	...Ý thức hệ Cơ đốc giáo,
		Ấn giáo, Phật giáo, Tây tạng...

32:57	the Hindu,
	the Buddhist, the Tibetan,

33:00	the American, democratic.	...dân chủ Mỹ - ý thức hệ là
		nguyên nhân xung đột phải không?

33:04	Is one of the causes
	of this conflict, ideologies?

33:11	You understand?	Bạn hiểu không?

33:14	Please ask yourself	Hãy tự hỏi mình xem.
	this question.

33:22	You are Christian,	Bạn theo Ky Tô, là một ý thức hệ,
	which is an ideology,	với hình thức tôn thờ...

33:27	with your
	form of worship, mass,

33:31	and all the tradition	...số đông với cả truyền
	that goes with it,	thống đi theo...

33:34	the peculiar dresses and so on,	...y phục riêng v.v..và tôi
		là Ấn giáo - tôi không phải...

33:40	and I, as a Hindu

33:42	– if I am, I am not –

33:44	I, as a Hindu, if I am one,	...nếu tôi theo Ấn giáo,
	have my own peculiar ideologies,	tôi có ý thức hệ riêng...

33:50	my own beliefs, my own faith,	...niềm tin, tín ngưỡng riêng,
	my own superstitions.	mê tín dị đoan riêng.

33:54	So we are in conflict	Vậy là chúng ta xung đột nhau...
	with each other.

33:57	We tolerate each other,	...chúng ta chịu đựng nhau,
		nhưng thế là có căng thẳng.

34:01	but yet,
	there is the strain between us.

34:04	You believe in one thing	Bạn tin vào điều này còn
	and I believe in another.	tôi tin vào điều khác.

34:12	There is the whole	Có cả ý thức hệ chuyên chế
	totalitarian ideologies	và ý thức hệ dân chủ.

34:16	and the democratic ideologies.

34:19	These ideologies are at war.	Những ý thức hệ ấy đánh nhau.

34:23	Right?	Phải không?

34:25	So we are asking,	Vậy có phải hình thức ý thức hệ
		là gốc rễ xung đột...

34:27	is one of the roots of conflict
	any form of ideology?

34:35	Any form of	...hình thức kết luận trí óc dựa
	intellectual conclusions	trên nghiên cứu, tìm tòi...

34:39	based on study,
	based on enquiry,

34:42	and come to a conclusion,	...và đưa đến kết luận, và
		bạn đến một kết luận khác...

34:45	and you	...nghiên cứu cùng một điều,
	come to a different conclusion	và rồi chúng ta khác nhau.

34:48	studying the same thing,	Phải không?
	and so we are at each other.

34:54	So we are finding out	Vậy chúng ta tìm hiểu
		xem ý thức hệ...

34:56	whether ideologies
	are one of the causes of this conflict

35:01	in the world,	...phải là nguyên nhân xung đột
	and also in ourselves.	thế giới, và cả trong chúng ta.

35:07	Which is, I conclude	Đó là điều tôi kết luận
	something from my experience.	từ kinh nghiệm.

35:13	I have had an experience	Tôi có kinh nghiệm loại
	of a peculiar kind – I hold on to it,	nào đó, tôi ôm giữ nó.

35:19	and you have another,	Và bạn có một loại khác.

35:21	so there is a difference,	Vậy có khác nhau tức có xung đột.
	there is conflict.

35:27	Can one then,	Có thể nào, nếu ý thức hệ
		là nguyên nhân xung đột...

35:29	if ideologies are
	one of the root causes of conflict,

35:34	can one live without ideologies?	...có thể nào sống
		không ý thức hệ?

35:42	Go on, work it out.	Tiếp tục, tìm ra, cùng suy tư.

35:45	Think it out together.

35:49	Do it please,	Hãy làm đi, khi chúng ta
		ngồi đây, tìm kiếm, làm đi.

35:50	as we are sitting here,
	enquiring, do it.

35:55	See whether one can be free.	Xem có thể nào ta thoát...

35:59	If you think ideologies	...nếu bạn cho rằng ý thức hệ
	are one of the root causes of wars,	là nguyên nhân chiến tranh...

36:05	disturbance, conflict,	...rối loạn, xung đột, xem
		ý thức hệ có cần thiết không.

36:10	whether those ideologies
	are necessary at all.

36:16	Ideologies are	Ý thức hệ là hoạch định
	the projection of thought.	của tư duy.

36:21	That thought	Tư duy ấy có thể tìm tòi,
	may have enquired, studied,	nghiên cứu, lượm lặt hàng đống...

36:25	accumulated a great deal
	of historical knowledge

36:27	and come to a conclusion,	...kiến thức lịch sử và đưa
	and holds to that conclusion.	đến kết luận rồi ôm giữ nó.

36:35	Another does the same thing.	Người khác cũng làm thế.

36:38	So there are two different camps	Vậy là có hai phe, phân chia nhau...

36:41	dividing each other,	...vũ trang, giết nhau.
	arming each other, killing each other.

36:48		Phải không?

36:49	And we are doing	Và chúng ta cũng làm thế
	the same thing in our private life,	trong đời sống riêng...

36:53	in our relationship	...trong quan hệ nhau.
	with each other.

37:01	So can one	Có thể nào lìa bỏ
	be free of all ideologies?	mọi ý thức hệ?

37:11	We see the cause of it.	Chúng ta thấy nguyên nhân.

37:13	The cause is,	Nguyên nhân là cho rằng với
	we think that with ideologies,	ý thức hệ, với quan niệm...

37:18	with ideas, with ideals,

37:22	we will be secure,	...với lý tưởng, chúng ta
		sẽ an toàn, an ninh.

37:25	we will be safe.	Và chúng ta khám phá ra
		chính ý thức hệ...

37:29	And we discover	...con người tạo ra đương
	that ideologies in themselves,	nhiên sẽ sinh xung đột.

37:37	created by man,	Phải không?
	will inevitably bring about conflict.

37:45	There is the cause,	Đó là nguyên nhân,
	which is, the cause is isolation.	nguyên nhân là cô lập.

37:54	Isolation may be	Cô lập có thể là 200
	two hundred million people on one side	triệu người về phe này...

37:57	and ten million people	...và 10 triệu người về phe kia.
	on the other.

38:01	Or two people on one side	Hay là hai người phe nầy
	and ten on the other.	và mười người phe khác.

38:09	So having discovered	Vậy khám phá ra nguyên nhân,
	the cause, which is,	tức là muốn sống...

38:13	the desire to live
	according to a pattern:

38:22	traditional pattern,	...theo khuôn mẫu nào, khuôn
	or ideological pattern	truyền thống, hay khuôn lý tưởng...

38:25	or a noble pattern,	...hay khuôn quí tộc, ý thức hệ
		đó tất nhiên sinh ra cô lập.

38:28	such ideologies
	will inevitably bring about isolation.

38:35	And that may be	Và có lẽ đó là nguyên nhân
	one of the major causes of conflict.	chính của xung đột.

38:45	Now,	Khi chúng ta quan sát thực tế
	when one has observed this fact,	ấy, nguyên nhân ấy...

38:49	and the causation of it,

38:52	to be free of the cause.	...thoát khỏi nguyên nhân,
		tức thoát ước muốn, thôi thúc...

38:57	To be free
	of the desire, of the urge,

39:01	that in ideas, in conclusions,	rằng trong ý niệm, kết luận,
		quan niệm, lý tưởng, có an toàn.

39:05	in concepts,
	ideals, there is safety.

39:13	Come on, sir.	Tiếp nào.

39:18	Either it is a fact	Dù thực tế hay không,
	or it is not.	đó là kết luận sai lầm.

39:23	It is a wrong conclusion.

39:25	Conclusion, you understand again,	Kết luận, bạn biết đó,
	which means separate.	lại là tách biệt (cười).

39:29	I don't know if you see that.	Bạn có thấy vậy không?

39:32	The moment	Ngay khi chúng ta kết luận
	we come to a conclusion,	liền sinh cô lập.

39:36	it breeds isolation.

39:39	I believe in Christ	Tôi tin Chúa Ky Tô bạn thì không.
	and you don't.

39:44	I believe in the Buddhist	Tôi tin lối sống Phật giáo
	way of life, and you don't.	bạn thì không.

39:49	So there is	Vậy là có đấu tranh bất tận,
	this constant struggle,	tức là trí óc chấp nhận...

39:54	which means the brain
	has accepted a pattern of living

40:03	according to some ideal,	...một khuôn mẫu sống theo lý
	a concept, a symbol,	tưởng, khái niệm, biểu tượng...

40:14	and there is the illusion:	...và có ảo tưởng an toàn
	in that there is safety.	trong đó nên bám chặt vào.

40:18	So I cling to it.

40:21	But when you point out to me	Nhưng khi bạn chỉ ra
	the nature of this movement,	bản chất của vận hành ấy...

40:27	either I reject it entirely,	...hoặc tôi từ chối hết, tự nhiên
	which is natural,	thôi, hoặc nếu nhạy bén...

40:32	or if I am at all sensitive,

40:37	at all aware	...nhận ra thế giới như thế,
	of the world as it is now,	tôi liền bắt đầu tìm hiểu.

40:40	then I begin to enquire,

40:45	then I begin to see	Rồi tôi bắt đầu nhìn thực tế...

40:47	that the facts
	are much more real

40:53	than the conclusions	...hết sức thực hơn
	about the facts.	kết luận về thực tế.

40:57	Right?	Phải không?

41:00	So can one be free of the cause,	Có thể lìa bỏ lý do quan niệm
		sống theo lý tưởng được không?

41:05	of this
	ideological concept of life?

41:14	Which is really	Câu hỏi thực sự nghiêm chỉnh,
	a very, very serious question,	bởi từ Platon...

41:19	because from Plato, Aristotle,
	and from the ancient Indians,

41:25	ideals have become	...Aristotle, và từ Ấn độ cổ,
	extraordinarily important.	lý tưởng đã trở thành...

41:30	And we live according to	...quá mức quan trọng, và
	the Greeks and their conclusions	chúng ta sống theo Hy lạp và...

41:38	though we have expanded,	...kết luận của họ - mặc dù chúng
	we have narrowed it down, and so on.	ta triển khai, đúc kết lại, v.v..

41:42	So the same thing,	Cũng như nhau - quan niệm sống ấy...

41:44	this whole idea	...theo một lý tưởng,
	of living according to an ideal,	tất phải sinh xung đột.

41:50	which must breed conflict.	Phải không?

41:55	Which is, the fact is 'what is',	Tức là, thực tế là, 'hiện là',
	not 'what should be'.	không phải 'sẽ là'...

42:00	The 'should be'	...'sẽ là' không thực tế gì cả.
	has no fact whatsoever,

42:03	'what is' is a fact.	'Hiện là' là thực tế.

42:06	Right?	Phải không?

42:10	So we are asking also,	Vậy có những tác nhân xung đột
		khác trong cuộc sống không?

42:12	are there other factors

42:18	of conflict in one's life?

42:22	We are asking	Chúng ta đặt câu hỏi vì
	this question because	- không vì...

42:27	– not because –
	we are asking this question naturally,

42:31	is there a way of living	...chúng ta hỏi một cách tự nhiên:
	in our daily life	có chăng lối sống...

42:39	– a peaceful, vibrant,	...cuộc sống thanh thản, sôi nổi,
	active life, not just sleepy life –	tích cực, chứ không ngủ gục...

42:47	to be free from all conflict,	...thoát mọi xung đột,
		không vấn đề?

42:52	to have no problems?

42:56	Problem is	Vấn đề là tác nhân
	another factor of conflict.	khác của xung đột.

43:03	Right?	Phải không?

43:04	We are trying to find out	Chúng ta cố gắng tìm
	a way of living	ra một lối sống...

43:07	entirely different	...hoàn toàn khác cách
	from what we are living now.	chúng ta đang sống.

43:16	The world is becoming	Thế giới ngày càng
	more and more insane.	trở nên bệnh hoạn.

43:25	And for those	Và muốn lành mạnh là khá
		khó khăn trong thế giới này.

43:29	who want to be sane,
	it is rather difficult in this world.

43:37	So, is fear	Sợ hãi có phải là nguyên nhân
	one of the causes of conflict	xung đột trong đời sống?

43:44	in one's life?

43:51	We said	Chúng ta có nói lý tưởng
		là tác nhân xung đột...

43:59	ideals may be
	one of the factors of conflict

44:04	because it takes away from us	...bởi nó quay mặt
		chúng ta khỏi thực tế.

44:11	the facing the fact.

44:16	And we are asking,	Và phải chăng sợ hãi
		là tác nhân xung đột?

44:19	is fear
	one of the factors of conflict?

44:30	Is isolation,	Có phải cô lập, thành phần của
	which is part of fear,	sợ hãi, là nguyên nhân xung đột?

44:38	is that a cause of conflict?

44:42	Isolation:	Cô lập - bạn và tôi,
		chúng ta và họ, bạn và thù.

44:45	me and you,

44:48	we and they,

44:50	the enemy and the allies.

44:54	You understand?	Bạn hiểu không?

44:58	This perpetual	Tiến trình bất tận của cô lập.
	process of isolation.

45:07	Identify with one group	Đồng hóa với nhóm này
	against another group:	chống lại nhóm khác...

45:15	the Buddhist group,	...nhóm Phật giáo, nhóm Ky Tô.
	the Christian group.

45:17	You understand?	Bạn hiểu không?
	This seems so absurd.

45:19		Điều này có vẻ quá vô lý!

45:26	And is fear a major factor?	Và sợ hãi là tác nhân chính?

45:33	What is the cause of fear?	Nguyên nhân sợ hãi là gì?

45:38	Because as we said,	Bởi vì, như đã nói, khi bạn
	when you discover the cause	khám phá ra nguyên nhân...

45:42	the effect can be wiped away.	...hậu quả có thể bị quét sạch.

45:46	But we are always	Nhưng chúng ta luôn
	dealing with the effects.	ứng phó với hậu quả.

45:52	I am afraid of that person,	Tôi sợ người ấy, hay
		tôi sợ tiếng sấm...

45:56	or I am afraid of thunder,

45:59	or I am afraid	...hay tôi sợ vợ, chồng -
	of my wife, husband	hàng tá hình thức sợ hãi.

46:01	– a dozen forms of fear.

46:03	And we want	Và chúng ta muốn quét
	to wipe away the effects of fear.	sạch hậu quả sợ hãi.

46:08	We never question	Không hề hỏi xem sợ hãi
	whether fear can totally end.	có thể chấm dứt hoàn toàn...

46:16	Which is,	...tức là phải tìm ra nguyên nhân.
	to find out the cause of it.

46:21	Right?	Phải không?

46:22	Can we	Chúng ta có thể cùng đi không?
	go along together with it?

46:26	Please, you are asking	Hãy tự hỏi về chính mình...
	this question of yourself,

46:30	not merely	...chứ không phải chỉ
	listening to the speaker.	nghe người nói.

46:36	You know,	Chúng ta luôn muốn được dẫn dắt,
	we always want to be led,	đó là điều...thật tệ quá.

46:39	that is one
	of our beastly nature.

46:43	We all want	Chúng ta muốn được chỉ bảo
	to be told what to do:	làm gì - Marx bảo nên làm gì...

46:49	Marx tells you what to do,

46:52	Christ tells you what to do,	...Ky Tô bảo nên làm gì, nhà
		tâm lý học bảo bạn nên làm gì...

46:56	the psychologists
	tell you what to do,

46:59	the politicians	...nhà chính trị bảo nên
	tell you what to do,	làm gì, đạo sư và v.v..

47:02	the gurus,	...bạn rõ mọi việc ấy.
	and all that business.

47:07	We are always	Chúng ta luôn trông chờ lãnh đạo...
	looking for leaders,

47:11	a better political leader	...lãnh đạo chính trị
	than the present one.	tốt hơn hiện giờ.

47:15	And the better political leader	Và lãnh đạo chính trị tốt hơn...
	is always not good enough,

47:19	but the next one will be better.	...không phải lúc nào cũng tốt
		nhưng người kế sẽ tốt hơn.

47:22	And so we keep this idea.	Và thế là giữ quan niệm ấy.

47:33		Vậy hỏi -
		không có lãnh đạo ở đây...

47:35	There is no leader here.	...hãy cùng hiểu rõ điểm này.
	Please let's be clear on this point.

47:41	There is no leader	Không có lãnh đạo theo
	as far as I am concerned.	như tôi quan tâm.

47:44	You can create	Bạn có thể đưa người nói
	the speaker into a leader	lên làm lãnh đạo...

47:48	which will be utter folly,	...việc hoàn toàn điên rồ, nhưng
		người nói không phải lãnh đạo.

47:51	but the speaker is not a leader.

47:55	We are together co-operating	Chúng ta cùng hợp tác khám phá
		nguyên nhân mọi khốn khổ con người.

47:58	to discover
	the cause of all this,

48:01	misery of man.

48:05	You have had a thousand leaders,	Bạn có hàng ngàn lãnh đạo.

48:07	they have all failed.	Tất cả đều thất bại.

48:10	Right?	Phải không?

48:18	It isn't that	Không phải chúng ta phải tự tin,
	we must have self-confidence,	hay chúng ta phải trông cậy...

48:20	or we must rely on ourselves,

48:24	we have also done that.	...vào chính mình - cũng đã
		làm thế mà chẳng đi đến đâu.

48:27	That hasn't lead very far.

48:33	Whereas if we can	Ngược lại nếu chúng ta có thể
	co-operate together	hợp tác nhau tìm hiểu...

48:38	in our enquiry,

48:42	find out why human beings	...xem tại sao con người
	are what they are now.	lại như hiện nay.

48:50	You see,	Bạn thấy khổ đau bất tận,
	there is perpetual misery, conflict,	xung đột, và chúng ta nói sợ hãi.

48:53	and we say, fear.

48:55	Fear is	Sợ hãi là nguyên nhân xung đột.
	one of the causes of conflict.

49:00	What is the cause,	Nguyên nhân, gốc rễ
	the root of fear?	của sợ hãi là gì?

49:11	We are not	Chúng ta không nói về
	talking about the branches of fear	cành nhánh sợ hãi...

49:15	or trimming
	the branches of fear,

49:19	but the very root of it.	...hay tỉa cành sợ hãi
		nhưng về gốc rễ...

49:22	The tree that has many branches,	...cây có nhiều cành, nhiều lá...

49:27	many leaves, many flowers,
	we are not concerned with that,

49:30	but the root of it.	...nhiều hoa, chúng ta không quan
		tâm chúng, nhưng chỉ gốc rễ.

49:34	Is it this eternal seeking,	Có phải tìm kiếm không
		ngừng 'tôi sống trong cô lập'?

49:41	living in isolation,

49:47	which is,	Tức là sống hời hợt.
	living on the periphery.

49:52	You have	Bạn có cá tính, văn hóa,
	certain characteristics,	đường lối, truyền thống...

49:54	certain culture,
	certain way, certain tradition,

49:58	and you are satisfied with that.	...và thỏa mãn với chúng -
		bạn là người Anh - phải không?

50:02	You are British.

50:06	All right? We'll tolerate this?	Chúng ta sẽ chịu đựng điều này?

50:11	And in France: 'We are French!'	Và ở Pháp, là người Pháp.

50:16	Go to Spain, it is the same.	Đến Tây ban nha cũng vậy thôi.

50:18	Go anywhere in the world,	Đi đâu trên thế giới này
	it is the same assertion.	thì cũng như vậy.

50:26	Outwardly and inwardly	Bên trong lẫn bên ngoài
	we are isolated:	chúng ta cô lập...

50:33	my desire, my fulfilment,	...dục vọng, thỏa mãn,
	my wanting, all the rest of it.	mong muốn - v.v..

50:41	So is that one of	Vậy cô lập, có phải là
	the causes of conflict, isolation?	nguyên nhân xung đột?

50:46	Obviously.	Dĩ nhiên.

50:49	Politically,	Về chính trị, hễ bạn còn là
	as long as you remain British,	người Anh, người Pháp...

50:52	and the French, etc.,

50:54	there will be	...v.v.., thì sẽ không có
	no global relationship,	quan hệ toàn cầu...

50:57	and therefore there will be	...và vì vậy sẽ không có
	no peace in the world at all.	hòa bình thế giới gì cả.

51:04	Right?	Phải không?

51:06	Tell that to the politicians	Nói điều ấy với nhà chính trị
	and they'll say, buzz off.	họ sẽ bảo 'chuồn thôi'.(Cười)

51:14	And we elect these politicians.	Và chúng ta bầu họ!

51:22	So, we are finding out	Chúng ta tìm hiểu ý thức hệ,
	ideologies, isolation,	cô lập, và bây giờ tìm hiểu...

51:31	and now we are enquiring

51:34	into whether fear	...xem phải chăng sợ hãi là
	is one of the factors	tác nhân xung đột trong đời sống.

51:40	of conflict in our life.

51:43	Obviously it is.	Dĩ nhiên.

51:45	I am afraid of you	Tôi e ngại bạn vì
	because you are cleverer than me,	bạn khéo léo hơn tôi.

51:53	you are more beautiful than me.	Bạn đẹp hơn tôi.

51:56	You know,	Vậy đó, luôn so sánh.
	this constant comparison.

52:04	So, is comparison	Vậy có phải so sánh là tác nhân?
	one of the factors?

52:09	Of course it is.	Dĩ nhiên.

52:11	Can one live a life	Có thể nào sống một đời không
	without any comparison?	so sánh, tức không so lường?

52:17	Which means no measurement.

52:22	I am this, but I will be that	'Tôi là thế này, nhưng tôi sẽ là
	– that is a measurement.	thế kia' - đó là so lường.

52:29	I will be that – breeds fear.	'Tôi sẽ là thế kia' sinh ra sợ hãi.

52:33	Right?	Phải không?

52:34	I don't know	Ồ, không biết bạn theo kịp chăng?
	if you follow all this.

52:39	So, what is the root of fear,	Vậy gốc rễ, nguyên
		nhân sợ hãi là gì?

52:42	the cause?

52:46	Is it time?	Có phải là thời gian?

52:53	Is it thought?	Có phải là tư duy?

52:59	Is it desire?	Có phải là ước muốn?

53:07	So if these are the causes	Nếu chúng là nguyên nhân
	– if they are.	- nếu chúng là...

53:12	We are saying,	...chúng ta hỏi ước muốn có
	is desire one of the causes of fear?	phải là nguyên nhân sợ hãi.

53:19	We will go into it.	Sẽ tìm hiểu xem.

53:21	Is it thought	Phải chăng tư duy
	that is the root of fear?	là gốc rễ sợ hãi?

53:30	Is it time?	Phải thời gian không?

53:33	Time being a movement from	Thời gian là vận hành từ 'hiện
	'what is' to 'what should be'.	là' đến 'sẽ là', thời gian là

53:40	Time being
	the state of the brain

53:45	that says, I am this	...trạng thái trí óc bảo, 'tôi là
	but I will pursue the ideal.	thế này nhưng sẽ theo lý tưởng'.

53:56	And is thought the root of fear?	Và tư duy là gốc rễ sợ hãi?

54:04	The remembrance	Nhớ lại đau đớn hôm qua, hy vọng
	of pain of yesterday,	đau đớn ấy sẽ không xảy ra nữa.

54:09	hoping that pain
	will not occur again.

54:18	Thinking	Suy nghĩ: là nguyên nhân sợ hãi?

54:22	– is that
	one of the causes of fear?

54:26	Don't say,	Đừng bảo, 'nếu không
	'If I don't think what will I do?'	suy nghĩ tôi sẽ làm gì?'

54:31	That is not the point.	Đó không phải vấn đề.

54:33	The point is	Vấn đề là cố gắng tìm xem
	we are trying to enquire	có phải tư duy sinh ra sợ hãi.

54:36	whether thought breeds fear.

54:44	Of course it does.	Dĩ nhiên.

54:49	Is desire the ground	Dục vọng là nền tảng
	on which fear flowers?	trên đó sợ hãi nở hoa?

55:00	So we have to enquire	Vậy phải tìm hiểu
	into these factors.	những tác nhân này.

55:04	What is desire?	Dục vọng là gì?

55:08	What is thought?	Tư duy là gì?

55:10	What is time?	Thời gian là gì?

55:14	Shall we go on?	Chúng ta tiếp tục nhé?
	You are not tired?

55:21	What is desire,	Các bạn không mệt chứ?

55:26	which shapes our life,	Dục vọng là gì, nó
		định dạng cuộc đời...

55:29	which has such	...nó có sức sống,
	extraordinary vitality, drive?	thôi thúc lạ kỳ?

55:38	We live by desire.	Chúng ta sống bằng dục vọng,
		đối tượng đôi lúc có thể thay đổi

55:42	The objects of desire
	may vary from time to time,

55:52	but we are not concerned	...nhưng chúng ta không quan tâm
	with the objects,	đối tượng, mà là gốc rễ sợ hãi.

55:56	we are concerned
	with the root of fear.

56:02	Which is, we are asking	Tức là hỏi xem dục vọng
	whether desire is one of the factors	có phải là tác nhân...

56:09	and not desiring that or this,	...và không phải muốn này
		khác, nhưng chính dục vọng.

56:14	but desire itself.

56:17	Right?	Phải không?

56:20	What is desire?	Dục vọng là gì?

56:24	We have to enquire,	Phải tìm hiểu xem
	what is sensation?	cảm giác là gì...

56:36	Both tactical, touching	...cả trí óc lẫn xúc chạm
	– what is sensation?	- cảm giác là gì?

56:42	What is the function	Chức năng giác quan là gì?
	of the senses?

56:54	Are the senses	Phải chăng giác quan tách rời nhau?
	separate in themselves?

57:01	And if they are separate,	Và nếu chúng rời rạc
		bạn không thể làm gì hết.

57:05	you cannot do anything about it.

57:08	But is it possible,	Nhưng có thể nào - hãy lắng nghe,
		có thể bạn không nghĩ đến

57:10	please listen to this,
	you may not have thought of it,

57:13	is it possible to operate	...có thể vận hành tất cả
	with all your senses fully awakened?	giác quan thức tĩnh trọn vẹn?

57:22	You understand my question?	Bạn hiểu câu hỏi chứ?

57:27	I may be very good	Có thể mắt tôi nhìn rất rõ...
	in seeing clearly with my eyes,

57:36	or I have a very good	...hay lưỡi nếm rượu vang rất
		tài, hoặc nhạy bén về này khác.

57:41	taste about wine,

57:46	or I am sensitive
	about this or that.

57:49	But I am asking,	Nhưng tôi hỏi: có thể có tất cả...

57:50	is it possible to have	...giác quan mạnh mẽ và
	all your senses heightened	cùng vận hành trọn vẹn?

57:57	and fully operating together?	Phải không?

58:04	You understand my question?	Bạn hiểu câu hỏi chứ?

58:06	Have you ever looked,	Có bao giờ bạn nhìn,
	have you ever tried	có khi nào bạn cố gắng...

58:10	– I am not asking,	...tôi không hỏi,
	please, I am asking this politely –	tôi hỏi điều này...

58:14	have you ever tried to look	...có bao giờ bạn cố nhìn
	at a tree with all your senses?	cây cối với tất cả giác quan?

58:20	Or at the sea,	Hay biển cả với
	with all its beautiful waves,	sóng đẹp tuyệt vời...

58:24	and colour and depth,	...màu sắc và chiều sâu
	and the tremendous vitality of it?	với sức sống mãnh liệt.

58:33	To look at something	Nhìn một điều gì với
	with all your senses.	tất cả giác quan...

58:39	That is, to have total sensation,	...nghĩa là toàn thể cảm giác
	not partial sensation.	chứ không phải một phần.

58:57	And what is sensation?	Và cảm giác - vâng
		- cảm giác là gì?

59:06	Pain, physical pain,	Đau đớn vật lý, không thoải
		mái vật lý, bệnh tật...

59:10	physical discomfort,

59:14	ill health.

59:16	And also psychologically,

59:21	the sensation,	...và cảm giác tâm lý...
	the feeling of being hurt,

59:28	being lonely,	...cảm giác bị tổn thương,
		cô đơn, cảm giác chán nản...

59:30	the sense of depression
	and elation,

59:35	the sense of deep,	...và phấn khởi, cảm giác
	inward loneliness of man.	cô đơn sâu thẳm của con người.

59:41	When we talk about man,	Khi chúng ta nói con
	we are also including the woman	người là chung nam nữ...

59:44	so don't get excited about it.	...vậy hãy bình tĩnh! (Cười)

59:52	We live by sensation,	Chúng ta sống bằng cảm
		giác, chỉ một phần.

59:55	only partially.

1:00:01	And is sensation,	Và có phải cảm giác, nó
		là nguyên nhân của dục vọng?

1:00:08	is that
	one of the causes of desire?

1:00:18	I desire a car,	Tôi muốn chiếc xe, bộ com lê,
	a suit, a shirt,	áo sơ mi, hay áo choàng, áo dài.

1:00:23	or a robe, or a dress.

1:00:27	I look in the window.	Nhìn qua cửa sổ.

1:00:29	I perceive, optically perceive,	Tôi nhận thấy, thấy bằng mắt
		và tôi đi vào và sờ vào vật...

1:00:32	and I go inside	...vật tốt quá - đó là cảm giác.
	and touch the material.

1:00:36	It is good material	Phải không?
	– which is sensation.

1:00:42	So I am beginning	Thế là tôi bắt đầu
	to discover that	khám phá, thấy...

1:00:47	seeing, touching, contact,	...sờ, chạm - từ cảm giác ấy.

1:00:53	from that, sensation.	Phải không?

1:00:56	Right?	Đúng không?

1:00:59	Seeing visually,	Nhìn bằng mắt,
		tiếp xúc, cảm giác.

1:01:03	contact, sensation.

1:01:08	Then what happens?	Rồi điều gì xảy ra?

1:01:12	Then thought arises,	Rồi suy nghĩ xen vào và bảo...

1:01:16	and says, how nice if I could
	get into that car and drive fast.

1:01:24	Or in that shirt, in that dress.	...'Thật đã nếu có thể
		lên xe và vọt hết ga'.

1:01:27	So thought creates the image	Hay mặc chiếc sơ mi
		kia, áo dài nọ...

1:01:32	of me having that shirt,	Vậy suy nghĩ tạo ra hình ảnh tôi
		mặc chiếc sơ mi, hay gì khác...

1:01:36	or something else.

1:01:39	When thought creates the image	...khi suy nghĩ tạo ra hình
		ảnh là bắt đầu của dục vọng.

1:01:43	then there is
	the beginning of desire.

1:01:46	Are you following all this?	Bạn theo kịp không?
	Go into it, sirs.	Hãy tìm hiểu xem.

1:01:53	This is part of meditation	Đó là một phần thiền định,
	if you are interested in it.	nếu bạn thích thú...

1:01:57	Not just sitting cross-legged	...không phải chỉ ngồi xếp
	and going off into some fantasy.	bằng và đi vào tưởng tượng.

1:02:03	This is part of meditation:	Đó là một phần thiền định,
		tìm kiếm sâu vào...

1:02:05	to enquire very deeply
	into the nature of conflict,

1:02:09	into the nature of desire.	...bản chất của xung đột,
		bản chất của dục vọng.

1:02:13	Not what other people	Không phải ai khác
	say about desire.	nói về dục vọng.

1:02:17	The whole Christian concept	Mọi quan niệm, quan niệm Cơ đốc
	of suppression of desire:	giáo về đè nén dục vọng...

1:02:25	as you come to serve the Lord,	...khi chúng ta phục vụ Chúa,
	have no desire,	không có dục vọng...

1:02:30	except one desire: to be like him,	...trừ khi ước muốn được
	or whatever it is.	như Ngài - hay gì đó.

1:02:40	So, seeing, contact, sensation.	Vậy, nhìn, chạm, cảm giác,
		rồi suy nghĩ tạo ra hình ảnh...

1:02:43	Then thought creates the image.

1:02:46	At that moment
	is the birth of desire,

1:02:53	with all its problems:	...lúc đó dục vọng sinh ra -
		phải không? - với tất cả vấn đề.

1:02:58	controlling it,	Kiểm soát nó, không kiểm soát,
	not controlling it,	chấp nhận nó, thích thú...

1:03:01	accepting it, enjoying it,

1:03:03	with all the consequences	...với tất cả hậu quả đớn đau,
	of pain, trouble.	rối loạn, và cũng có thể...

1:03:08	And it may also include in it,

1:03:10	it may be one of the causes of fear	...trong đó, nó có thể
	because I may not get what I want.	là nguyên nhân sợ hãi...

1:03:15	I am depressed by it,	...bởi không thể đạt điều
	frustrated by it,	mong muốn - tôi chán nản...

1:03:18	I am afraid I can't get it,	...thất vọng, tôi sợ
	and so on.	không thể đạt được, v.v..

1:03:22	So I discover that	Vậy tôi khám phá nguyên
	one of the causes of fear is desire.	nhân sợ hãi là dục vọng.

1:03:29	I am not asking
	how to be free of desire.

1:03:32	I see the cause,	Tôi không hỏi làm sao lìa bỏ
		dục vọng, tôi thấy nguyên nhân.

1:03:35	I perceive the cause.	Tôi nhận ra nguyên nhân.

1:03:38	By the very perception of the cause,	Bởi nhận thức thật sự nguyên
	something will take place.	nhân, điều gì đó sẽ xảy ra.

1:03:41	I am not going to say	Tôi không nói phải lìa bỏ
	I must be free or not free of desire.	hay không lìa bỏ dục vọng...

1:03:45	That is very important	...thấu hiểu điều này
	to comprehend.	rất quan trọng.

1:03:49	Then who is it	Rồi thì, ai là người
	that is going to suppress desire?	đè nén dục vọng?

1:03:53	Desire itself, surely, isn't it?	Chính dục vọng, phải không?

1:04:00	I suppress desire	Đè nén dục vọng vì tôi muốn
	because I want another form of desire.	hình thức khác của dục vọng.

1:04:07	So it is the same movement.	Vậy là cùng một vận hành.

1:04:11	So we are saying,	Chúng ta nói không thảo luận,
	we are not discussing,	không tìm hiểu vấn đề...

1:04:14	or going into the question
	of suppression at all,

1:04:17	or escaping from it,	...đè nén, hay chạy
	or transcending it.	trốn, hay vượt thoát nó.

1:04:21	We see	Chúng ta nhìn vận hành
	the movement of desire,	dục vọng, quan sát nó.

1:04:27	observe it.

1:04:28	Then we say,	Rồi hỏi thời gian
	is time the factor of fear?	là tác nhân sợ hãi?

1:04:41	Time – I might die tomorrow,	Thời gian.

1:04:48	or ten years later.	Có thể ngày mai tôi chết,
		hay mười năm sau.

1:04:53	I am all right now, but God knows	Giờ tôi khỏe, nhưng có Trời
	what will happen tomorrow.	biết ngày mai điều gì xảy ra.

1:04:58	Tomorrow is time.	Ngày mai là thời gian.

1:05:05	There is time by the universe,	Phải không?

1:05:08	that is, the rising of the sun	Có thời gian bởi vũ trụ,
	and the setting of the sun,	tức là mặt trời mọc...

1:05:12	night, day,	...và mặt trời lặn, ngày đêm, v.v..
	and all the rest of it.

1:05:14	And also	Và cũng có thời gian bên trong.
	there is the inward time.

1:05:20	The inward time which is,	Thời gian bên trong nghĩa là...

1:05:24	I have had	...hôm nọ tôi hạnh phúc và hy
	happiness another day,	vọng tương lai sẽ hạnh phúc.

1:05:27	and I hope
	I will have it in the future.

1:05:32	Or I have had an experience,	Hay tôi có một kinh nghiệm...

1:05:35	I cling to that experience,	...tôi bám vào kinh nghiệm ấy
		và mong không gì xáo trộn nó.

1:05:41	hoping nothing will disturb it.

1:05:46	Or I have had pain,	Hay tôi bị đau,
	both psychological and physical,	vật lý lẫn tâm lý...

1:05:55	and I hope	...và hy vọng không xảy ra nữa.
	that will never happen again.

1:06:00	Time is a movement,	Thời gian là vận hành. Phải không?

1:06:05	and thought is also a movement.	Và tư duy cũng là vận hành,
		tư duy sinh từ kiến thức.

1:06:11	Thought
	which is born of knowledge.

1:06:17	Knowledge is the result	Kiến thức là kết
	of experience.	quả của kinh nghiệm.

1:06:23	We are the result	Chúng ta là kết quả của
	of thousands of years of experience,	hàng ngàn năm kinh nghiệm...

1:06:31	thousands of years	...hàng ngàn năm kiến thức tâm lý.
	of knowledge, psychologically.

1:06:37	And you need time	Và bạn cần thời gian để học
	to learn a language,	ngôn ngữ, để đạt những khả năng.

1:06:39	to acquire various capacities.

1:06:48	So there is time outwardly,	Vậy có thời gian bên ngoài,
	there is time inwardly.	có thời gian bên trong.

1:06:55	And thought	Và tư duy cũng là
	is also the result of time,	kết quả của thời gian...

1:07:03	the accumulated	...kiến thức tích luỹ bao thế
	knowledge of centuries	kỷ chứa trong não như ký ức...

1:07:07	stored in the brain as memory

1:07:12	and that memory	...và ký ức ấy ứng
	responds as thought.	đáp như là tư duy.

1:07:16	This is all facts,	Đó là thực tế, không phải
	it is not my invention. It is so.	tôi đặt ra, nó vậy đó.

1:07:23	So desire,	Vậy, dục vọng, cô lập, tư duy,
		thời gian là tác nhân sợ hãi...

1:07:27	isolation,

1:07:30	thought, time,

1:07:33	are the factors of fear,

1:07:37	the root cause of fear.	...nguyên nhân gốc rễ của sợ hãi.

1:07:47	Now,	Giờ đối xử với
	how does one deal with a cause?	nguyên nhân thế nào?

1:07:54	You understand my question?	Bạn hiểu câu hỏi không?

1:07:57	I have found out	Tự tôi tìm ra nguyên nhân sợ hãi.
	for myself the cause of fear.

1:08:08	And is it possible	Và có thể nào xua tan
		nguyên nhân mà không cố gắng?

1:08:10	to dispel that cause	Ngay lúc tôi cố gắng, đó
	without effort?	là hình thức xung đột khác.

1:08:16	The moment I bring effort into it,	Phải không?
	it is another form of conflict.

1:08:22	So is it possible	Vậy có thể nào hoàn
	to be entirely free of the cause	toàn lìa bỏ nguyên nhân...

1:08:29	or the causation	...hay nguyên do tạo ra mọi thứ ấy?
	which breeds all this?

1:08:36	It is possible only	Chỉ có thể -
		hãy cùng thảo luận xem...

1:08:39	– please,
	we are talking over together –

1:08:42	it is possible only	...chỉ có thể khi
	when you observe the fact.	bạn quan sát thực tế.

1:08:51	That is,	Nghĩa là, khi thấu hiểu...
	when there is the realisation

1:08:54	that the cause	...nguyên nhân sinh ra hậu quả ấy.
	is producing all these effects.

1:09:01	And also one knows,	Và cũng thấu hiểu hễ có
		nguyên nhân thì có hậu quả.

1:09:04	where there is a cause,
	there is an end.

1:09:12	If I have a cause	Nếu có nguyên nhân bệnh lao...
	for tuberculosis

1:09:16	there is the cause,	...đó là nguyên nhân và tôi ho, v.v..
	and I cough, and all the rest of it.

1:09:20	Now, there is medicine	Giờ có phương thuốc chữa
	to cure tuberculosis,	bệnh lao, là có kết thúc rồi.

1:09:24	there is the end of it.

1:09:25	Where there is a cause,	Nơi đâu có nguyên nhân, hậu
	the effect can be wiped away.	quả có thể bị quét sạch.

1:09:31	So I am asking:	Vậy tôi hỏi: tôi
	I have found the cause,	tìm ra nguyên nhân...

1:09:37	how am I to deal with it,	...giờ làm sao tôi đối xử
	what is to happen with it?	với nó, điều gì xảy ra?

1:09:41	You understand my question?	Bạn hiểu câu hỏi chứ?

1:09:46	Any movement on my part,	Vận hành trong tôi, tức là,
		vận hành của dục vọng bảo...

1:09:50	that is, any movement of desire

1:09:52	to say, I must be free of fear,	...'tôi phải lìa bỏ sợ hãi,
		tôi phải lìa bỏ nguyên nhân'...

1:09:57	I must be free of this cause,	...là hình thức dục vọng khác.

1:10:01	That is another form	Phải không?
	of desire – right?

1:10:04	So I realise,	Vậy tôi hiểu ra vận hành tư duy...
	any movement of thought,

1:10:09	any movement	...vận hành thôi thúc lìa bỏ,
	of the urge to be free,	là thành phần cùng loại.

1:10:15	is part of the same thing.

1:10:18	So can I observe without	Có thể quan sát mà không vận hành
	any movement of thought or time?	tư duy hay thời gian, chỉ quan sát?

1:10:24	Just to observe,
	and remain with the cause,

1:10:31	not move away from the cause.	Và ở lại đó với nguyên nhân,
		không chạy trốn nó.

1:10:33	You are following all this?	Bạn theo kịp không?

1:10:35	That requires	Việc này đòi hỏi chú tâm lớn lao.
	tremendous, close attention.

1:10:45	So one has to enquire much further	Thế nên chúng ta phải tìm hiểu
	into the nature of attention.	sâu hơn vào bản chất chú tâm.

1:10:50	It is not for the moment, today.	Không phải hôm nay, ngay
	We'll do it another day.	bây giờ - hôm khác vậy.

1:10:53	But to be aware of the cause

1:10:59	and to have no choice	Nhưng nhận rõ nguyên nhân
	about the cause.	và không có lựa chọn gì -

1:11:05	To go beyond it,	...vượt qua, loại bỏ, chạy trốn
	suppress it, run away from it,	- chỉ nhìn nó, giữ đó.

1:11:07	– just to look at it, hold it.

1:11:13	When you give	Khi bạn chú tâm trọn
	your whole attention to that cause,	vẹn vào nguyên nhân ấy...

1:11:19	that very attention	...chú tâm thực sự ấy như
	is like a fire that dispels the cause.	ngọn lửa xua tan nguyên nhân.

1:11:26	Right, that is enough for today.	Thế đó, hôm nay vậy thôi.

1:11:37	May I get up now, please?	Xin phép đứng dậy.